Update Alpine, Arch, Fedora and RHEL root on ZFS guides
Signed-off-by: Maurice Zhou <jasper@apvc.uk>
This commit is contained in:
Maurice Zhou
committed by
George Melikov
George Melikov
parent
a0c149af5b
commit
a69befb2ce
@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ Preparation
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.. contents:: Table of Contents
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:local:
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#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled.
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#. Download latest extended variant of `Alpine Linux live image
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<https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/releases/x86_64/>`__ and boot from it.
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#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if
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Secure Boot is enabled.
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#. Download latest extended variant of `Alpine Linux
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live image
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<https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/releases/x86_64/>`__
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and boot from it.
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#. Login as root user. There is no password.
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#. Configure Internet::
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@@ -44,15 +47,15 @@ Preparation
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and add it to package manager configuration::
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tee -a /etc/apk/repositories <<EOF
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https://dl-5.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/community/
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https://dl-5.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/main/
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https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/community/
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https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/latest-stable/main/
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EOF
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#. Throughout this guide, we use predictable disk names generated by udev::
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apk update
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apk add eudev
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setup-udev
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setup-devd udev
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It can be removed after reboot with ``setup-devd mdev && apk del eudev``.
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@@ -60,9 +63,9 @@ Preparation
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List available disks with::
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ls /dev/disk/by-id/*
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find /dev/disk/by-id/
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If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``.
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If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``.
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Declare disk array::
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@@ -72,12 +75,24 @@ Preparation
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DISK='/dev/disk/by-id/disk1'
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#. Set partition size:
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Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to
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take up too much space::
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INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4
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Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set::
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INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL=
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#. Install ZFS support and partition tool::
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apk add zfs zfs-lts sgdisk e2fsprogs
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apk add zfs zfs-lts sgdisk e2fsprogs cryptsetup util-linux
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modprobe zfs
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Many errors about firmware will appear. They are safe to ignore.
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Many errors about firmware will appear. They are
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safe to be ignored.
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#. Install bootloader for both legacy boot and UEFI::
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@@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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# wipe flash-based storage device to improve
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# performance.
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# ALL DATA WILL BE LOST
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# blkdiscard -f $i
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sgdisk --zap-all $i
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sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i
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sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i
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test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
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sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
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if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then
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sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i
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@@ -25,17 +30,15 @@ System Installation
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fi
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sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i
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sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3
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cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4
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mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
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swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
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done
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#. Probe new partitions::
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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partprobe $i
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done
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udevadm settle
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sync
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#. Create boot partition::
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#. Create boot pool::
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tee -a /root/grub2 <<EOF
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# Features which are supported by GRUB2
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@@ -73,6 +76,18 @@ System Installation
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If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
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You should not need to customize any of the options for the boot pool.
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GRUB does not support all of the zpool features. See ``spa_feature_names``
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in `grub-core/fs/zfs/zfs.c
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<http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/tree/grub-core/fs/zfs/zfs.c#n276>`__.
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This step creates a separate boot pool for ``/boot`` with the features
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limited to only those that GRUB supports, allowing the root pool to use
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any/all features.
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Features enabled with ``-o compatibility=grub2`` can be seen
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`here <https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/blob/master/cmd/zpool/compatibility.d/grub2>`__.
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#. Create root pool::
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zpool create \
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@@ -95,18 +110,19 @@ System Installation
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If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
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#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__.
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Create root system container:
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#. Create root system container:
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- Unencrypted::
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zfs create \
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-o canmount=off \
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-o mountpoint=none \
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rpool/alpine
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rpool/alpinelinux
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- Encrypted::
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- Encrypted:
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Pick a strong password. Once compromised, changing password will not keep your
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data safe. See ``zfs-change-key(8)`` for more info::
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zfs create \
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-o canmount=off \
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@@ -114,17 +130,39 @@ System Installation
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-o encryption=on \
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-o keylocation=prompt \
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-o keyformat=passphrase \
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rpool/alpine
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rpool/alpinelinux
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#. Create datasets::
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You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``.
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/alpine/root
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/alpine/home
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zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/alpine/var
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zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/alpine/var/lib
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zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/alpine/var/log
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zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/alpine
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/alpine/root
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Create system datasets, let Alpinelinux declaratively
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manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``::
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/root
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mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/home
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mkdir /mnt/home
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mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/home /mnt/home
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mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib
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mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var/lib
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var/log
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zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/alpinelinux
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/alpinelinux/root
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mkdir /mnt/boot
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mount -t zfs bpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/boot
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#. mkinitfs requires root dataset to have a mountpoint
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other than legacy::
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umount -Rl /mnt
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zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/alpinelinux/root
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zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/alpinelinux/root
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mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt
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mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/home /mnt/home
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mount -t zfs bpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/boot
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mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/var/lib /mnt/var/lib
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mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/var/log /mnt/var/log
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#. Format and mount ESP::
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@@ -152,6 +190,10 @@ System Installation
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GRUB installation will fail and will be reinstalled later.
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#. Allow EFI system partition to fail at boot::
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sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab
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#. Chroot::
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m='/dev /proc /sys'
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@@ -161,36 +203,12 @@ System Installation
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#. Rebuild initrd::
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mkdir -p /etc/zfs
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rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
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touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
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chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
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chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
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sed -i 's|zfs|nvme zfs|' /etc/mkinitfs/mkinitfs.conf
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for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
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kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
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mkinitfs $kernel_version
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done
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#. Enable dataset mounting at boot::
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rc-update add zfs-mount sysinit
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#. Replace predictable disk path with traditional disk path:
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For SATA drives::
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sed -i 's|/dev/disk/by-id/ata-.*-part|/dev/sda|' /etc/fstab
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For NVMe drives::
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sed -i 's|/dev/disk/by-id/nvme-.*-part|/dev/nvme0n1p|' /etc/fstab
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#. Mount datasets with zfsutil option::
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sed -i 's|,posixacl|,zfsutil,posixacl|' /etc/fstab
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#. Apply GRUB workaround::
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echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
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@@ -210,7 +228,6 @@ System Installation
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#. Install GRUB::
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export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES
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mkdir -p /boot/efi/alpine/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/
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mkdir -p /boot/efi/alpine/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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@@ -243,15 +260,15 @@ System Installation
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#. Reboot::
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poweroff
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reboot
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Disconnect the live media and other non-boot storage devices.
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Due to missing support of predictable device names in initrd,
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Alpine Linux will mount whichever disk appears to be /dev/sda or /dev/nvme0
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at /boot/efi at boot.
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Post installaion
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Root filesystem at / and /boot are ZFS and imported via pool name thus not affected by the above restriction.
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#. Setup graphical desktop::
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#. Post-install:
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setup-desktop
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#. Setup swap.
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#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed
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system for later rollback,
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see `this page <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/Root%20on%20ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.html>`__.
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@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Preparation
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List available disks with::
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ls /dev/disk/by-id/*
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find /dev/disk/by-id/
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If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``.
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If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``.
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Declare disk array::
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@@ -40,11 +40,10 @@ Preparation
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#. Set partition size:
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Set swap size. It's `recommended <https://chrisdown.name/2018/01/02/in-defence-of-swap.html>`__
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to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation,
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the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed::
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Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to
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take up too much space::
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INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8
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INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4
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Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set::
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@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ Preparation
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curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a -
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pacman-key --lsign-key $(curl -L https://git.io/JsfVS)
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curl -L https://git.io/Jsfw2 > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
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curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openzfs/openzfs-docs/master/docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/archzfs-repo/mirrorlist-archzfs > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
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tee -a /etc/pacman.conf <<- 'EOF'
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@@ -77,12 +76,26 @@ Preparation
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* https://archzfs.com/archive_archzfs/
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* https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/
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::
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curl -L https://archzfs.com/archive_archzfs/ \
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| grep zfs-linux-[0-9] \
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| grep -v src.tar \
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| grep "5.18.7"
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# ...<a href="zfs-linux-2.1.5_5.18.7.arch1.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst">...
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Result: https/.../archive_archzfs/zfs-linux-2.1.5_5.18.7.arch1.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Find compatible zfs-utils package:
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Search ZFS version string (e.g. 2.1.5) in both pages above.
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::
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curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/ \
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| grep zfs-utils-2.1.5 \
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| grep -v src.tar
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# ...<a href="zfs-utils-2.1.5-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst">...
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Result: https/.../archzfs/x86_64/zfs-utils-2.1.5-2-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Download both then install::
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@@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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# wipe flash-based storage device to improve
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# performance.
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# ALL DATA WILL BE LOST
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# blkdiscard -f $i
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sgdisk --zap-all $i
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sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i
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sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i
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test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
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sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
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if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then
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sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i
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@@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation
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fi
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sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i
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sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3
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cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4
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mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
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swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
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done
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#. Create boot pool::
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@@ -84,9 +95,7 @@ System Installation
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If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
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#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__.
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Create root system container:
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#. Create root system container:
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- Unencrypted::
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@@ -108,18 +117,34 @@ System Installation
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-o keyformat=passphrase \
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rpool/archlinux
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Create system datasets::
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You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``.
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/archlinux/root
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/archlinux/home
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zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/archlinux/var
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zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/archlinux/var/lib
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zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/archlinux/var/log
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Create system datasets, let Archlinux declaratively
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manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``::
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Create boot dataset::
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/root
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/root /mnt/
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/home
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mkdir /mnt/home
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/home /mnt/home
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/lib
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/log
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zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/archlinux
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/archlinux/root
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mkdir /mnt/boot
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mount -t zfs bpool/archlinux/root /mnt/boot
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#. zfs-mkinitcpio requires root dataset to have a mountpoint
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other than legacy::
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umount -Rl /mnt
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zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/archlinux/root
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zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/archlinux/root
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mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/archlinux/root /mnt
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/home /mnt/home
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mount -t zfs bpool/archlinux/root /mnt/boot
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zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/archlinux
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zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/archlinux/root
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#. Format and mount ESP::
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@@ -131,14 +156,3 @@ System Installation
|
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mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
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mount -t vfat $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /mnt/boot/efi
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#. Install packages::
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|
||||
pacstrap /mnt base vi mandoc grub efibootmgr mkinitcpio
|
||||
|
||||
CompatibleVer=$(pacman -Si zfs-linux | grep 'Depends On' | sed "s|.*linux=||" | awk '{ print $1 }')
|
||||
pacstrap -U /mnt https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/linux/linux-${CompatibleVer}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap /mnt zfs-linux zfs-utils
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap /mnt linux-firmware intel-ucode amd-ucode
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,13 +8,28 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate fstab::
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/lib /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/log /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/etc/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \
|
||||
umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
done
|
||||
echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \
|
||||
noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install packages::
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap /mnt base mg mandoc grub efibootmgr mkinitcpio
|
||||
|
||||
CompatibleVer=$(pacman -Si zfs-linux \
|
||||
| grep 'Depends On' \
|
||||
| sed "s|.*linux=||" \
|
||||
| awk '{ print $1 }')
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap -U /mnt https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/linux/linux-${CompatibleVer}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap /mnt zfs-linux zfs-utils
|
||||
|
||||
pacstrap /mnt linux-firmware intel-ucode amd-ucode
|
||||
|
||||
#. Configure mkinitcpio::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -28,19 +43,10 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
hwclock --systohc
|
||||
systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd --root=/mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --force
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate host id::
|
||||
|
||||
zgenhostid -f -o /mnt/etc/hostid
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable ZFS services::
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add archzfs repo::
|
||||
|
||||
curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a - --gpgdir /mnt/etc/pacman.d/gnupg
|
||||
@@ -66,3 +72,16 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.gen
|
||||
locale-gen
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
mkinitcpio -P
|
||||
|
||||
#. Import from by-id::
|
||||
|
||||
echo GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"zfs_import_dir=/dev/disk/by-id/\" >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --prompt --force
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -6,15 +6,6 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
.. contents:: Table of Contents
|
||||
:local:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
|
||||
mkinitcpio -P
|
||||
|
||||
#. Apply GRUB workaround::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
|
||||
@@ -23,14 +14,11 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
# GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool"
|
||||
sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux
|
||||
|
||||
echo GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"zfs_import_dir=/dev/disk/by-id/\" >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the
|
||||
update will overwrite the changes.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install GRUB::
|
||||
|
||||
export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
@@ -40,9 +28,6 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
grub-install --target x86_64-efi --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ --efi-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi --bootloader-id arch --removable
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate GRUB menu::
|
||||
|
||||
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -70,3 +55,7 @@ Finish Installation
|
||||
#. Reboot::
|
||||
|
||||
reboot
|
||||
|
||||
#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed
|
||||
system for later rollback,
|
||||
see `this page <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/Root%20on%20ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.html>`__.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
|
||||
.. highlight:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
Create a Boot Environment
|
||||
==========================
|
||||
|
||||
This page is tested for Alpine, Arch Linux, Fedora and
|
||||
RHEL guides. Not useful for NixOS since system rollback
|
||||
is already managed by Nix.
|
||||
|
||||
With Root on ZFS, it is possible to take snapshots of
|
||||
existing root file systems, which is a read-only copy of
|
||||
that file system. A new, full-fledged file system --
|
||||
clones -- can be then created from this snapshot. This
|
||||
bootable clone of the current system is then called a
|
||||
"Boot Environment".
|
||||
|
||||
This could be useful if you are performing a major
|
||||
system upgrade and wish to have the option to go back to
|
||||
a previous state if the upgrade fails.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Identify which dataset is currently mounted as root
|
||||
``/`` and boot ``/boot``::
|
||||
|
||||
findmnt /
|
||||
# output
|
||||
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS
|
||||
/ rpool/archlinux/root zfs rw,relatime,xattr,posixacl
|
||||
|
||||
findmnt /boot
|
||||
# output
|
||||
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS
|
||||
/boot bpool/archlinux/root zfs rw,relatime,xattr,posixacl
|
||||
|
||||
#. Identify your distribution in the dataset (file system) path::
|
||||
|
||||
DISTRO=archlinux # or `fedora', `alma', `alpinelinux'
|
||||
|
||||
#. Choose a name for the new boot environment::
|
||||
|
||||
BE_NAME=backup
|
||||
|
||||
#. Take snapshots of the ``/`` and ``/boot`` datasets::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs snapshot rpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME
|
||||
zfs snapshot bpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create clones from read-only snapshots::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs clone -o canmount=noauto \
|
||||
-o mountpoint=/ \
|
||||
rpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME \
|
||||
rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME
|
||||
|
||||
zfs clone -o canmount=noauto \
|
||||
-o mountpoint=legacy \
|
||||
bpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME \
|
||||
bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME
|
||||
|
||||
#. Mount clone and update file system table (fstab) ::
|
||||
|
||||
mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt/boot
|
||||
|
||||
sed -i "s|rpool/$DISTRO/root|rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME|g" /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
sed -i "s|bpool/$DISTRO/root|bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME|g" /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
If legacy mountpoint is used, omit ``-o zfsutil``
|
||||
from mount command.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create GRUB menu for new clone::
|
||||
|
||||
m='/dev /proc /sys'
|
||||
for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done
|
||||
chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env sh <<EOF
|
||||
if which grub-mkconfig; then
|
||||
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub.cfg
|
||||
else
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub.cfg
|
||||
fi
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
|
||||
GRUB menu contains information on kernel version and initramfs.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Unmount clone::
|
||||
|
||||
umount -Rl /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add new boot environment as GRUB menu entry::
|
||||
|
||||
tee -a new_entry <<EOF
|
||||
menuentry 'ZFS Clone of ${DISTRO}: ${BE_NAME}' { configfile (hd0,gpt2)/${DISTRO}/${BE_NAME}@/grub.cfg }
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
|
||||
find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" \
|
||||
| while read i; do
|
||||
if grep -q "${DISTRO}" $i; then
|
||||
cat $i new_entry > grub.cfg
|
||||
cp grub.cfg $i
|
||||
fi
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
rm new_entry
|
||||
|
||||
#. After reboot, select boot environment entry from GRUB
|
||||
menu to boot from the clone. Press ESC inside
|
||||
submenu to return to the previous menu.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Steps above can also be used to create a new clone
|
||||
from an existing snapshot.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To set a boot environment as default, replace
|
||||
existing ``grub.cfg`` inside EFI system partition
|
||||
with the one from the boot environment::
|
||||
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
# backup existing grub.cfg inside EFI
|
||||
# then replace it with menu from clone
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/grub_menu_backup
|
||||
menu_counter=1
|
||||
find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" \
|
||||
| while read i; do
|
||||
if grep -q "${DISTRO}" $i; then
|
||||
cp $i /mnt/grub_menu_backup/grub_${menu_counter}.cfg
|
||||
echo $i > /mnt/grub_menu_backup/grub_${menu_counter}_path.txt
|
||||
cp /mnt/grub.cfg $i
|
||||
menu_counter=$(($menu_counter + 1))
|
||||
fi
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
umount -Rl /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. To delete the boot environment, check with
|
||||
``findmnt`` that the boot environment is not
|
||||
currently used::
|
||||
|
||||
findmnt /
|
||||
findmnt /boot
|
||||
|
||||
Set variables::
|
||||
|
||||
DISTRO=archlinux
|
||||
|
||||
Then check the origin snapshot::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs get origin rpool/archlinux/backup
|
||||
# rpool/archlinux/root@backup
|
||||
zfs get origin bpool/archlinux/backup
|
||||
# bpool/archlinux/root@backup
|
||||
|
||||
RM_BE=backup
|
||||
RM_SNAPSHOT=root@backup
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, destroy clone (boot environment) and its
|
||||
origin snapshot::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs destroy rpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_BE}
|
||||
zfs destroy rpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_SNAPSHOT}
|
||||
|
||||
zfs destroy bpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_BE}
|
||||
zfs destroy bpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_SNAPSHOT}
|
||||
|
||||
Remove GRUB entry::
|
||||
|
||||
find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" \
|
||||
| while read i; do
|
||||
if grep -q "${DISTRO}/${RM_BE}@/grub.cfg" $i; then
|
||||
head -n -1 $i > grub.cfg
|
||||
cp grub.cfg $i
|
||||
fi
|
||||
done
|
||||
@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ Preparation
|
||||
.. contents:: Table of Contents
|
||||
:local:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled.
|
||||
#. Download a variant of `Fedora live image
|
||||
<https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/>`__ and boot from it.
|
||||
#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if
|
||||
Secure Boot is enabled.
|
||||
#. Download live Fedora media, such as this `LXQt spin
|
||||
<https://spins.fedoraproject.org/lxqt/download/index.html>`__.
|
||||
The installed system is the same regardless of live
|
||||
media used.
|
||||
#. Connect to the Internet.
|
||||
#. Set root password or ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys``.
|
||||
#. Start SSH server::
|
||||
@@ -24,9 +27,9 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
List available disks with::
|
||||
|
||||
ls /dev/disk/by-id/*
|
||||
find /dev/disk/by-id/
|
||||
|
||||
If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``.
|
||||
If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``.
|
||||
|
||||
Declare disk array::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -38,11 +41,10 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set partition size:
|
||||
|
||||
Set swap size. It's `recommended <https://chrisdown.name/2018/01/02/in-defence-of-swap.html>`__
|
||||
to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation,
|
||||
the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed::
|
||||
Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to
|
||||
take up too much space::
|
||||
|
||||
INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8
|
||||
INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4
|
||||
|
||||
Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -54,24 +56,16 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
SELinux will be enabled on the installed system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add ZFS repo::
|
||||
#. Add ZFS repo and install ZFS inside live system::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf install -y https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
#. Check available repos::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf repolist --all
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install ZFS packages::
|
||||
|
||||
rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse
|
||||
dnf install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$(source /etc/os-release; echo $VERSION_ID)/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/k/kernel-devel-$(uname -r).rpm
|
||||
rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse || true
|
||||
source /etc/os-release
|
||||
export VERSION_ID
|
||||
dnf install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/${VERSION_ID}/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/k/kernel-devel-$(uname -r).rpm
|
||||
dnf install -y zfs
|
||||
|
||||
#. Load kernel modules::
|
||||
|
||||
modprobe zfs
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install partition tool::
|
||||
#. Install partition tool and arch-install-scripts::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools
|
||||
dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools arch-install-scripts
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation
|
||||
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
|
||||
# wipe flash-based storage device to improve
|
||||
# performance.
|
||||
# ALL DATA WILL BE LOST
|
||||
# blkdiscard -f $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk --zap-all $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i
|
||||
|
||||
test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
|
||||
sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
|
||||
|
||||
if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then
|
||||
sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i
|
||||
@@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i
|
||||
|
||||
sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3
|
||||
|
||||
cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create boot pool::
|
||||
@@ -84,16 +95,14 @@ System Installation
|
||||
|
||||
If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
|
||||
|
||||
#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__.
|
||||
|
||||
Create root system container:
|
||||
#. Create root system container:
|
||||
|
||||
- Unencrypted::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create \
|
||||
-o canmount=off \
|
||||
-o mountpoint=none \
|
||||
rpool/redhat
|
||||
rpool/fedora
|
||||
|
||||
- Encrypted:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -106,20 +115,36 @@ System Installation
|
||||
-o encryption=on \
|
||||
-o keylocation=prompt \
|
||||
-o keyformat=passphrase \
|
||||
rpool/redhat
|
||||
rpool/fedora
|
||||
|
||||
Create system datasets::
|
||||
You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``.
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/redhat/root
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/redhat/home
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/redhat/var
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/lib
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/log
|
||||
Create system datasets, let Fedora declaratively
|
||||
manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``::
|
||||
|
||||
Create boot dataset::
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/root
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/root /mnt/
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/home
|
||||
mkdir /mnt/home
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/home /mnt/home
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var/lib
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var/log
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/fedora
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/fedora/root
|
||||
mkdir /mnt/boot
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/fedora/root /mnt/boot
|
||||
|
||||
#. zfs-dracut requires root dataset to have a mountpoint
|
||||
other than legacy::
|
||||
|
||||
umount -Rl /mnt
|
||||
zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/fedora/root
|
||||
zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/fedora/root
|
||||
mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/fedora/root /mnt
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/home /mnt/home
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/fedora/root /mnt/boot
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/redhat
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/redhat/root
|
||||
|
||||
#. Format and mount ESP::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -131,14 +156,3 @@ System Installation
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
|
||||
mount -t vfat $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /mnt/boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install packages::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install \
|
||||
@core grub2-efi-x64 grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules shim-x64 efibootmgr kernel \
|
||||
kernel-devel
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install \
|
||||
https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install zfs zfs-dracut
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -6,30 +6,42 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
.. contents:: Table of Contents
|
||||
:local:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate fstab::
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/var/lib /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/var/log /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/etc/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \
|
||||
umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
done
|
||||
echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \
|
||||
noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install basic system packages::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt \
|
||||
--releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \
|
||||
@core grub2-efi-x64 \
|
||||
grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules \
|
||||
shim-x64 efibootmgr \
|
||||
kernel kernel-devel
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt \
|
||||
--releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \
|
||||
https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$VERSION_ID \
|
||||
-y install zfs zfs-dracut
|
||||
|
||||
#. Configure dracut::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'add_dracutmodules+=" zfs "' > /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#. Force load mpt3sas module if used::
|
||||
|
||||
if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then
|
||||
echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force
|
||||
if grep virtio_blk /proc/modules; then
|
||||
echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate host id::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -39,10 +51,6 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt install -y glibc-minimal-langpack glibc-langpack-en
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable ZFS services::
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. By default SSH server is enabled, allowing root login by password,
|
||||
disable SSH server::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -51,23 +59,33 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Chroot::
|
||||
|
||||
m='/dev /proc /sys'
|
||||
for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done
|
||||
|
||||
history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt
|
||||
chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login
|
||||
arch-chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login
|
||||
|
||||
#. For SELinux, relabel filesystem on reboot::
|
||||
|
||||
fixfiles -F onboot
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux::
|
||||
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
|
||||
#. Build ZFS modules::
|
||||
|
||||
for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
|
||||
kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
|
||||
dkms autoinstall -k $kernel_version
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
|
||||
kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
|
||||
dracut --force --kver $kernel_version
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux::
|
||||
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -6,27 +6,6 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
.. contents:: Table of Contents
|
||||
:local:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. If using virtio disk, add driver to initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
|
||||
for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
|
||||
kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
|
||||
dracut --force --kver $kernel_version
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Load ZFS modules and disable BLS::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
#. Apply GRUB workaround::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
|
||||
@@ -35,41 +14,39 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
# GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool"
|
||||
sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux
|
||||
|
||||
This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the
|
||||
update will overwrite the changes.
|
||||
This ``sed`` workaround needs to be applied for every
|
||||
GRUB update, as the update will overwrite the
|
||||
changes.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install GRUB::
|
||||
|
||||
export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES
|
||||
echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
grub2-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ $i
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/ /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate GRUB menu::
|
||||
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content::
|
||||
|
||||
ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
unalias -a
|
||||
ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
cp -r /boot/efi/EFI $ESP_MIRROR
|
||||
for i in /boot/efis/*; do
|
||||
cp -r $ESP_MIRROR/EFI $i
|
||||
done
|
||||
rm -rf $ESP_MIRROR
|
||||
|
||||
#. Notes for GRUB on RHEL
|
||||
#. Note: you need to regenerate GRUB menu after kernel
|
||||
updates, otherwise computer will still boot old
|
||||
kernel on reboot::
|
||||
|
||||
As bls is disabled, you will need to regenerate GRUB menu after each kernel upgrade.
|
||||
Or else the new kernel will not be recognized and system will boot the old kernel
|
||||
on reboot.
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
Finish Installation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
@@ -87,11 +64,6 @@ Finish Installation
|
||||
|
||||
reboot
|
||||
|
||||
#. On first reboot, the boot process will fail, with failure messages such
|
||||
as "You are in Emergency Mode...Press Ctrl-D to continue".
|
||||
|
||||
Wait for the computer to automatically reboot and the problem will be resolved.
|
||||
|
||||
Post installaion
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
#. Install package groups::
|
||||
@@ -100,3 +72,7 @@ Post installaion
|
||||
dnf group install gnome-desktop
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add new user, configure swap.
|
||||
|
||||
#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed
|
||||
system for later rollback,
|
||||
see `this page <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/Root%20on%20ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.html>`__.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled.
|
||||
#. Download a variant of `AlmaLinux Minimal Live ISO
|
||||
<https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/live/x86_64/>`__ and boot from it.
|
||||
<https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9.1/live/x86_64/>`__
|
||||
and boot from it.
|
||||
#. Connect to the Internet.
|
||||
#. Set root password or ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys``.
|
||||
#. Start SSH server::
|
||||
@@ -24,9 +25,9 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
List available disks with::
|
||||
|
||||
ls /dev/disk/by-id/*
|
||||
find /dev/disk/by-id/
|
||||
|
||||
If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``.
|
||||
If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``.
|
||||
|
||||
Declare disk array::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -38,11 +39,10 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set partition size:
|
||||
|
||||
Set swap size. It's `recommended <https://chrisdown.name/2018/01/02/in-defence-of-swap.html>`__
|
||||
to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation,
|
||||
the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed::
|
||||
Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to
|
||||
take up too much space::
|
||||
|
||||
INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8
|
||||
INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4
|
||||
|
||||
Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -54,24 +54,21 @@ Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
SELinux will be enabled on the installed system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add ZFS repo::
|
||||
#. Add ZFS repo and install ZFS inside live system::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf install -y https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
#. Check available repos::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf repolist --all
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install ZFS packages::
|
||||
|
||||
rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse || true
|
||||
source /etc/os-release
|
||||
export VERSION_ID
|
||||
dnf config-manager --disable zfs
|
||||
dnf config-manager --enable zfs-kmod
|
||||
dnf install -y zfs
|
||||
|
||||
#. Load kernel modules::
|
||||
|
||||
modprobe zfs
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install partition tool::
|
||||
#. Install partition tool and arch-install-scripts::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools
|
||||
dnf install -y epel-release
|
||||
dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools arch-install-scripts
|
||||
dnf download arch-install-scripts
|
||||
rpm -i --nodeps arch-install-scripts*.rpm
|
||||
dnf remove -y epel-release
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation
|
||||
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
|
||||
# wipe flash-based storage device to improve
|
||||
# performance.
|
||||
# ALL DATA WILL BE LOST
|
||||
# blkdiscard -f $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk --zap-all $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i
|
||||
|
||||
test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
|
||||
sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i
|
||||
|
||||
if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then
|
||||
sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i
|
||||
@@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i
|
||||
|
||||
sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3
|
||||
|
||||
cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create boot pool::
|
||||
@@ -84,16 +95,14 @@ System Installation
|
||||
|
||||
If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
|
||||
|
||||
#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__.
|
||||
|
||||
Create root system container:
|
||||
#. Create root system container:
|
||||
|
||||
- Unencrypted::
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create \
|
||||
-o canmount=off \
|
||||
-o mountpoint=none \
|
||||
rpool/redhat
|
||||
rpool/alma
|
||||
|
||||
- Encrypted:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -106,20 +115,35 @@ System Installation
|
||||
-o encryption=on \
|
||||
-o keylocation=prompt \
|
||||
-o keyformat=passphrase \
|
||||
rpool/redhat
|
||||
rpool/alma
|
||||
|
||||
Create system datasets::
|
||||
You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``.
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/redhat/root
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/redhat/home
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/redhat/var
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/lib
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/log
|
||||
Create system datasets, let Alma declaratively
|
||||
manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``::
|
||||
|
||||
Create boot dataset::
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/root
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/alma/root /mnt/
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/home
|
||||
mkdir /mnt/home
|
||||
mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/alma/home /mnt/home
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var/lib
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var/log
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/alma
|
||||
zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/alma/root
|
||||
mkdir /mnt/boot
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/alma/root /mnt/boot
|
||||
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/redhat
|
||||
zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/redhat/root
|
||||
#. zfs-dracut requires root dataset to have a mountpoint
|
||||
other than legacy::
|
||||
|
||||
umount -Rl /mnt
|
||||
zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/alma/root
|
||||
zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/alma/root
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/alma/root /mnt
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/alma/home /mnt/home
|
||||
mount -t zfs bpool/alma/root /mnt/boot
|
||||
|
||||
#. Format and mount ESP::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,28 +8,39 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate fstab::
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/alma/var/lib /mnt/var/lib
|
||||
mount -t zfs rpool/alma/var/log /mnt/var/log
|
||||
mkdir -p /mnt/etc/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \
|
||||
umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
done
|
||||
echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \
|
||||
noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install basic system packages::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt \
|
||||
--releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \
|
||||
@core grub2-efi-x64 \
|
||||
grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules \
|
||||
shim-x64 efibootmgr \
|
||||
kernel
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt \
|
||||
--releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \
|
||||
https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
dnf config-manager --installroot=/mnt --disable zfs
|
||||
dnf config-manager --installroot=/mnt --enable zfs-kmod
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$VERSION_ID \
|
||||
-y install zfs zfs-dracut
|
||||
|
||||
#. Configure dracut::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'add_dracutmodules+=" zfs "' > /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#. Force load mpt3sas module if used::
|
||||
|
||||
if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then
|
||||
echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force
|
||||
if grep virtio_blk /proc/modules; then
|
||||
echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate host id::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -39,10 +50,6 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
dnf --installroot=/mnt install -y glibc-minimal-langpack glibc-langpack-en
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable ZFS services::
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. By default SSH server is enabled, allowing root login by password,
|
||||
disable SSH server::
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -51,16 +58,25 @@ System Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Chroot::
|
||||
|
||||
m='/dev /proc /sys'
|
||||
for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done
|
||||
|
||||
history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt
|
||||
chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login
|
||||
arch-chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login
|
||||
|
||||
#. For SELinux, relabel filesystem on reboot::
|
||||
|
||||
fixfiles -F onboot
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
|
||||
kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
|
||||
dracut --force --kver $kernel_version
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux::
|
||||
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -6,27 +6,6 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
.. contents:: Table of Contents
|
||||
:local:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. If using virtio disk, add driver to initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache
|
||||
|
||||
for directory in /lib/modules/*; do
|
||||
kernel_version=$(basename $directory)
|
||||
dracut --force --kver $kernel_version
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Load ZFS modules and disable BLS::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
#. Apply GRUB workaround::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
|
||||
@@ -35,41 +14,39 @@ Bootloader
|
||||
# GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool"
|
||||
sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux
|
||||
|
||||
This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the
|
||||
update will overwrite the changes.
|
||||
This ``sed`` workaround needs to be applied for every
|
||||
GRUB update, as the update will overwrite the
|
||||
changes.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install GRUB::
|
||||
|
||||
export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES
|
||||
echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
grub2-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ $i
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/ /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate GRUB menu::
|
||||
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content::
|
||||
|
||||
ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
unalias -a
|
||||
ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
cp -r /boot/efi/EFI $ESP_MIRROR
|
||||
for i in /boot/efis/*; do
|
||||
cp -r $ESP_MIRROR/EFI $i
|
||||
done
|
||||
rm -rf $ESP_MIRROR
|
||||
|
||||
#. Notes for GRUB on RHEL
|
||||
#. Note: you need to regenerate GRUB menu after kernel
|
||||
updates, otherwise computer will still boot old
|
||||
kernel on reboot::
|
||||
|
||||
As bls is disabled, you will need to regenerate GRUB menu after each kernel upgrade.
|
||||
Or else the new kernel will not be recognized and system will boot the old kernel
|
||||
on reboot.
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg
|
||||
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
Finish Installation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
@@ -87,16 +64,15 @@ Finish Installation
|
||||
|
||||
reboot
|
||||
|
||||
#. On first reboot, the boot process will fail, with failure messages such
|
||||
as "You are in Emergency Mode...Press Ctrl-D to continue".
|
||||
|
||||
Wait for the computer to automatically reboot and the problem will be resolved.
|
||||
|
||||
Post installaion
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
#. Install package groups::
|
||||
|
||||
dnf group list --hidden -v # query package groups
|
||||
dnf group install @gnome-desktop
|
||||
dnf group install gnome-desktop
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add new user, configure swap.
|
||||
|
||||
#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed
|
||||
system for later rollback,
|
||||
see `this page <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/Root%20on%20ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.html>`__.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -26,19 +26,16 @@ encouraged to verify the authenticity of the ZFS on Linux public key using
|
||||
the fingerprint listed here.
|
||||
|
||||
| **Location:** /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-zfsonlinux
|
||||
| **EL6-8 Packages:** `zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm`
|
||||
| **Archived Repositories:** `el6`, `el7_5`_, `el7_6`_, `el7_7`_, `el7_8`_, `el8_0`_, `el8_1`_, `el8_2`_, `el8_3`_, `el8_4`_, `el8_5`_, `el8_6`_
|
||||
| **List of Repositories** `see repo page <https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux.github.com/tree/master/epel>`__
|
||||
| **Archived Repositories:** `see repo page <https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux.github.com/tree/master/epel>`__
|
||||
|
||||
| **Signing key1 (Centos 8 and older, Fedora 36 and older)**
|
||||
`pgp.mit.edu <https://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?search=0xF14AB620&op=index&fingerprint=on>`__
|
||||
`direct link <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux.github.com/master/zfs-release/RPM-GPG-KEY-openzfs-key1>`__
|
||||
| **Fingerprint:** C93A FFFD 9F3F 7B03 C310 CEB6 A9D5 A1C0 F14A B620
|
||||
|
||||
| **Signing key2 (Centos 9+, Fedora 37+)**
|
||||
`pgp.mit.edu <https://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?search=0xA599FD5E9DB84141&op=index&fingerprint=on>`__
|
||||
`direct link <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux.github.com/master/zfs-release/RPM-GPG-KEY-openzfs-key2>`__
|
||||
| **Fingerprint:** 7DC7 299D CF7C 7FD9 CD87 701B A599 FD5E 9DB8 4141
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
For RHEL/CentOS versions 6 and 7 run::
|
||||
|
||||
yum install https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm
|
||||
@@ -161,19 +158,5 @@ Start from "Preparation".
|
||||
|
||||
.. _kABI-tracking kmod: https://elrepoproject.blogspot.com/2016/02/kabi-tracking-kmod-packages.html
|
||||
.. _DKMS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Kernel_Module_Support
|
||||
.. _zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el6.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el7_5: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_5.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el7_6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_6.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el7_7: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_7.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el7_8: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_8.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el7_9: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_9.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_0: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_0.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_1: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_1.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_2: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_2.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_3: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_3.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_4: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_4.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_5: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_5.noarch.rpm
|
||||
.. _el8_6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_6.noarch.rpm
|
||||
|
||||
.. _EPEL repository: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user