diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Alpine Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Alpine Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst index 14f7098..6b04c5a 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Alpine Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Alpine Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst @@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ Preparation .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: -#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled. -#. Download latest extended variant of `Alpine Linux live image - `__ and boot from it. +#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if + Secure Boot is enabled. +#. Download latest extended variant of `Alpine Linux + live image + `__ + and boot from it. #. Login as root user. There is no password. #. Configure Internet:: @@ -44,15 +47,15 @@ Preparation and add it to package manager configuration:: tee -a /etc/apk/repositories <`__. + This step creates a separate boot pool for ``/boot`` with the features + limited to only those that GRUB supports, allowing the root pool to use + any/all features. + + Features enabled with ``-o compatibility=grub2`` can be seen + `here `__. + #. Create root pool:: zpool create \ @@ -95,18 +110,19 @@ System Installation If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``. -#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__. - - Create root system container: +#. Create root system container: - Unencrypted:: zfs create \ -o canmount=off \ -o mountpoint=none \ - rpool/alpine + rpool/alpinelinux - - Encrypted:: + - Encrypted: + + Pick a strong password. Once compromised, changing password will not keep your + data safe. See ``zfs-change-key(8)`` for more info:: zfs create \ -o canmount=off \ @@ -114,17 +130,39 @@ System Installation -o encryption=on \ -o keylocation=prompt \ -o keyformat=passphrase \ - rpool/alpine + rpool/alpinelinux -#. Create datasets:: + You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``. - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/alpine/root - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/alpine/home - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/alpine/var - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/alpine/var/lib - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/alpine/var/log - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/alpine - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/alpine/root + Create system datasets, let Alpinelinux declaratively + manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``:: + + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/root + mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/ + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/home + mkdir /mnt/home + mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/home /mnt/home + mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib + mkdir -p /mnt/var/log + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var/lib + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alpinelinux/var/log + zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/alpinelinux + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/alpinelinux/root + mkdir /mnt/boot + mount -t zfs bpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/boot + +#. mkinitfs requires root dataset to have a mountpoint + other than legacy:: + + umount -Rl /mnt + zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/alpinelinux/root + zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/alpinelinux/root + mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt + mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/home /mnt/home + mount -t zfs bpool/alpinelinux/root /mnt/boot + mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/var/lib /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/alpinelinux/var/log /mnt/var/log #. Format and mount ESP:: @@ -152,6 +190,10 @@ System Installation GRUB installation will fail and will be reinstalled later. +#. Allow EFI system partition to fail at boot:: + + sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab + #. Chroot:: m='/dev /proc /sys' @@ -161,36 +203,12 @@ System Installation #. Rebuild initrd:: - mkdir -p /etc/zfs - rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - sed -i 's|zfs|nvme zfs|' /etc/mkinitfs/mkinitfs.conf for directory in /lib/modules/*; do kernel_version=$(basename $directory) mkinitfs $kernel_version done -#. Enable dataset mounting at boot:: - - rc-update add zfs-mount sysinit - -#. Replace predictable disk path with traditional disk path: - - For SATA drives:: - - sed -i 's|/dev/disk/by-id/ata-.*-part|/dev/sda|' /etc/fstab - - For NVMe drives:: - - sed -i 's|/dev/disk/by-id/nvme-.*-part|/dev/nvme0n1p|' /etc/fstab - -#. Mount datasets with zfsutil option:: - - sed -i 's|,posixacl|,zfsutil,posixacl|' /etc/fstab - #. Apply GRUB workaround:: echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh @@ -210,7 +228,6 @@ System Installation #. Install GRUB:: - export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES mkdir -p /boot/efi/alpine/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ mkdir -p /boot/efi/alpine/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ for i in ${DISK}; do @@ -243,15 +260,15 @@ System Installation #. Reboot:: - poweroff + reboot - Disconnect the live media and other non-boot storage devices. - Due to missing support of predictable device names in initrd, - Alpine Linux will mount whichever disk appears to be /dev/sda or /dev/nvme0 - at /boot/efi at boot. +Post installaion +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - Root filesystem at / and /boot are ZFS and imported via pool name thus not affected by the above restriction. +#. Setup graphical desktop:: -#. Post-install: + setup-desktop - #. Setup swap. +#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed + system for later rollback, + see `this page `__. diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst index 097af0d..0f805f7 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Preparation List available disks with:: - ls /dev/disk/by-id/* + find /dev/disk/by-id/ - If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``. + If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``. Declare disk array:: @@ -40,11 +40,10 @@ Preparation #. Set partition size: - Set swap size. It's `recommended `__ - to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation, - the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed:: + Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to + take up too much space:: - INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8 + INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4 Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set:: @@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ Preparation curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a - pacman-key --lsign-key $(curl -L https://git.io/JsfVS) - curl -L https://git.io/Jsfw2 > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs + curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openzfs/openzfs-docs/master/docs/Getting%20Started/Arch%20Linux/archzfs-repo/mirrorlist-archzfs > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs tee -a /etc/pacman.conf <<- 'EOF' @@ -77,12 +76,26 @@ Preparation * https://archzfs.com/archive_archzfs/ * https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/ + :: + curl -L https://archzfs.com/archive_archzfs/ \ + | grep zfs-linux-[0-9] \ + | grep -v src.tar \ + | grep "5.18.7" + # ...... + Result: https/.../archive_archzfs/zfs-linux-2.1.5_5.18.7.arch1.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst #. Find compatible zfs-utils package: Search ZFS version string (e.g. 2.1.5) in both pages above. + :: + curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/ \ + | grep zfs-utils-2.1.5 \ + | grep -v src.tar + # ...... + + Result: https/.../archzfs/x86_64/zfs-utils-2.1.5-2-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst #. Download both then install:: diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst index 1872cd6..84e5a36 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst @@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation for i in ${DISK}; do + # wipe flash-based storage device to improve + # performance. + # ALL DATA WILL BE LOST + # blkdiscard -f $i + sgdisk --zap-all $i sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i - test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i + sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i @@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation fi sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i + + sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3 + + cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4 + mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 + swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 done #. Create boot pool:: @@ -84,9 +95,7 @@ System Installation If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``. -#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__. - - Create root system container: +#. Create root system container: - Unencrypted:: @@ -108,18 +117,34 @@ System Installation -o keyformat=passphrase \ rpool/archlinux - Create system datasets:: + You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``. - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/archlinux/root - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/archlinux/home - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/archlinux/var - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/archlinux/var/lib - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/archlinux/var/log + Create system datasets, let Archlinux declaratively + manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``:: - Create boot dataset:: + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/root + mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/root /mnt/ + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/home + mkdir /mnt/home + mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/home /mnt/home + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/lib + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/log + zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/archlinux + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/archlinux/root + mkdir /mnt/boot + mount -t zfs bpool/archlinux/root /mnt/boot + +#. zfs-mkinitcpio requires root dataset to have a mountpoint + other than legacy:: + + umount -Rl /mnt + zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/archlinux/root + zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/archlinux/root + mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/archlinux/root /mnt + mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/home /mnt/home + mount -t zfs bpool/archlinux/root /mnt/boot - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/archlinux - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/archlinux/root #. Format and mount ESP:: @@ -131,14 +156,3 @@ System Installation mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi mount -t vfat $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /mnt/boot/efi - -#. Install packages:: - - pacstrap /mnt base vi mandoc grub efibootmgr mkinitcpio - - CompatibleVer=$(pacman -Si zfs-linux | grep 'Depends On' | sed "s|.*linux=||" | awk '{ print $1 }') - pacstrap -U /mnt https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/linux/linux-${CompatibleVer}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst - - pacstrap /mnt zfs-linux zfs-utils - - pacstrap /mnt linux-firmware intel-ucode amd-ucode diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst index 44f9626..e52ba34 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst @@ -8,13 +8,28 @@ System Configuration #. Generate fstab:: + mkdir -p /mnt/var/log + mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/lib /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/log /mnt/var/log mkdir -p /mnt/etc/ - for i in ${DISK}; do - echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \ - umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab - done - echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \ - noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab + genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab + sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab + +#. Install packages:: + + pacstrap /mnt base mg mandoc grub efibootmgr mkinitcpio + + CompatibleVer=$(pacman -Si zfs-linux \ + | grep 'Depends On' \ + | sed "s|.*linux=||" \ + | awk '{ print $1 }') + + pacstrap -U /mnt https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/linux/linux-${CompatibleVer}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst + + pacstrap /mnt zfs-linux zfs-utils + + pacstrap /mnt linux-firmware intel-ucode amd-ucode #. Configure mkinitcpio:: @@ -28,19 +43,10 @@ System Configuration hwclock --systohc systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd --root=/mnt -#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: - - rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime - systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --force - #. Generate host id:: zgenhostid -f -o /mnt/etc/hostid -#. Enable ZFS services:: - - systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt - #. Add archzfs repo:: curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a - --gpgdir /mnt/etc/pacman.d/gnupg @@ -66,3 +72,16 @@ System Configuration echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.gen locale-gen + +#. Generate initrd:: + + mkinitcpio -P + +#. Import from by-id:: + + echo GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"zfs_import_dir=/dev/disk/by-id/\" >> /etc/default/grub + +#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: + + rm -f /etc/localtime + systemd-firstboot --prompt --force diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst index 2e0f477..831d5e3 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst @@ -6,15 +6,6 @@ Bootloader .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: -#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd:: - - rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - - mkinitcpio -P - #. Apply GRUB workaround:: echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh @@ -23,14 +14,11 @@ Bootloader # GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool" sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux - echo GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"zfs_import_dir=/dev/disk/by-id/\" >> /etc/default/grub - This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the update will overwrite the changes. #. Install GRUB:: - export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES mkdir -p /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ mkdir -p /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ for i in ${DISK}; do @@ -40,11 +28,8 @@ Bootloader grub-install --target x86_64-efi --boot-directory \ /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ --efi-directory \ /boot/efi --bootloader-id arch --removable - -#. Generate GRUB menu:: - - grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/grub/grub.cfg - grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub/grub.cfg + grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/grub/grub.cfg + grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/arch/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub/grub.cfg #. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content:: @@ -70,3 +55,7 @@ Finish Installation #. Reboot:: reboot + +#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed + system for later rollback, + see `this page `__. diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a44ad76 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS/6-create-boot-environment.rst @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ +.. highlight:: sh + +Create a Boot Environment +========================== + +This page is tested for Alpine, Arch Linux, Fedora and +RHEL guides. Not useful for NixOS since system rollback +is already managed by Nix. + +With Root on ZFS, it is possible to take snapshots of +existing root file systems, which is a read-only copy of +that file system. A new, full-fledged file system -- +clones -- can be then created from this snapshot. This +bootable clone of the current system is then called a +"Boot Environment". + +This could be useful if you are performing a major +system upgrade and wish to have the option to go back to +a previous state if the upgrade fails. + +#. Identify which dataset is currently mounted as root + ``/`` and boot ``/boot``:: + + findmnt / + # output + TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS + / rpool/archlinux/root zfs rw,relatime,xattr,posixacl + + findmnt /boot + # output + TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS + /boot bpool/archlinux/root zfs rw,relatime,xattr,posixacl + +#. Identify your distribution in the dataset (file system) path:: + + DISTRO=archlinux # or `fedora', `alma', `alpinelinux' + +#. Choose a name for the new boot environment:: + + BE_NAME=backup + +#. Take snapshots of the ``/`` and ``/boot`` datasets:: + + zfs snapshot rpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME + zfs snapshot bpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME + +#. Create clones from read-only snapshots:: + + zfs clone -o canmount=noauto \ + -o mountpoint=/ \ + rpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME \ + rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME + + zfs clone -o canmount=noauto \ + -o mountpoint=legacy \ + bpool/$DISTRO/root@$BE_NAME \ + bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME + +#. Mount clone and update file system table (fstab) :: + + mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt + mount -t zfs bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt/boot + + sed -i "s|rpool/$DISTRO/root|rpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME|g" /mnt/etc/fstab + sed -i "s|bpool/$DISTRO/root|bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME|g" /mnt/etc/fstab + + If legacy mountpoint is used, omit ``-o zfsutil`` + from mount command. + +#. Create GRUB menu for new clone:: + + m='/dev /proc /sys' + for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done + chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env sh < grub.cfg + cp grub.cfg $i + fi + done + + rm new_entry + +#. After reboot, select boot environment entry from GRUB + menu to boot from the clone. Press ESC inside + submenu to return to the previous menu. + +#. Steps above can also be used to create a new clone + from an existing snapshot. + +#. To set a boot environment as default, replace + existing ``grub.cfg`` inside EFI system partition + with the one from the boot environment:: + + mount -t zfs bpool/$DISTRO/$BE_NAME /mnt + + # backup existing grub.cfg inside EFI + # then replace it with menu from clone + + mkdir -p /mnt/grub_menu_backup + menu_counter=1 + find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" \ + | while read i; do + if grep -q "${DISTRO}" $i; then + cp $i /mnt/grub_menu_backup/grub_${menu_counter}.cfg + echo $i > /mnt/grub_menu_backup/grub_${menu_counter}_path.txt + cp /mnt/grub.cfg $i + menu_counter=$(($menu_counter + 1)) + fi + done + + umount -Rl /mnt + +#. To delete the boot environment, check with + ``findmnt`` that the boot environment is not + currently used:: + + findmnt / + findmnt /boot + + Set variables:: + + DISTRO=archlinux + + Then check the origin snapshot:: + + zfs get origin rpool/archlinux/backup + # rpool/archlinux/root@backup + zfs get origin bpool/archlinux/backup + # bpool/archlinux/root@backup + + RM_BE=backup + RM_SNAPSHOT=root@backup + + Finally, destroy clone (boot environment) and its + origin snapshot:: + + zfs destroy rpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_BE} + zfs destroy rpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_SNAPSHOT} + + zfs destroy bpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_BE} + zfs destroy bpool/${DISTRO}/${RM_SNAPSHOT} + + Remove GRUB entry:: + + find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" \ + | while read i; do + if grep -q "${DISTRO}/${RM_BE}@/grub.cfg" $i; then + head -n -1 $i > grub.cfg + cp grub.cfg $i + fi + done diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst index adca063..80b4e6d 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst @@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ Preparation .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: -#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled. -#. Download a variant of `Fedora live image - `__ and boot from it. +#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if + Secure Boot is enabled. +#. Download live Fedora media, such as this `LXQt spin + `__. + The installed system is the same regardless of live + media used. #. Connect to the Internet. #. Set root password or ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys``. #. Start SSH server:: @@ -24,9 +27,9 @@ Preparation List available disks with:: - ls /dev/disk/by-id/* + find /dev/disk/by-id/ - If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``. + If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``. Declare disk array:: @@ -38,11 +41,10 @@ Preparation #. Set partition size: - Set swap size. It's `recommended `__ - to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation, - the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed:: + Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to + take up too much space:: - INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8 + INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4 Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set:: @@ -54,24 +56,16 @@ Preparation SELinux will be enabled on the installed system. -#. Add ZFS repo:: +#. Add ZFS repo and install ZFS inside live system:: dnf install -y https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm - -#. Check available repos:: - - dnf repolist --all - -#. Install ZFS packages:: - - rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse - dnf install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$(source /etc/os-release; echo $VERSION_ID)/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/k/kernel-devel-$(uname -r).rpm + rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse || true + source /etc/os-release + export VERSION_ID + dnf install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/${VERSION_ID}/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/k/kernel-devel-$(uname -r).rpm dnf install -y zfs - -#. Load kernel modules:: - modprobe zfs -#. Install partition tool:: +#. Install partition tool and arch-install-scripts:: - dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools + dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools arch-install-scripts diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst index 2e433aa..39d9b5a 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst @@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation for i in ${DISK}; do + # wipe flash-based storage device to improve + # performance. + # ALL DATA WILL BE LOST + # blkdiscard -f $i + sgdisk --zap-all $i sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i - test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i + sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i @@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation fi sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i + + sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3 + + cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4 + mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 + swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 done #. Create boot pool:: @@ -84,16 +95,14 @@ System Installation If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``. -#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__. - - Create root system container: +#. Create root system container: - Unencrypted:: zfs create \ -o canmount=off \ -o mountpoint=none \ - rpool/redhat + rpool/fedora - Encrypted: @@ -106,20 +115,36 @@ System Installation -o encryption=on \ -o keylocation=prompt \ -o keyformat=passphrase \ - rpool/redhat + rpool/fedora - Create system datasets:: + You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``. - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/redhat/root - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/redhat/home - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/redhat/var - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/lib - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/log + Create system datasets, let Fedora declaratively + manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``:: - Create boot dataset:: + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/root + mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/root /mnt/ + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/home + mkdir /mnt/home + mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/home /mnt/home + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var/lib + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/fedora/var/log + zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/fedora + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/fedora/root + mkdir /mnt/boot + mount -t zfs bpool/fedora/root /mnt/boot + +#. zfs-dracut requires root dataset to have a mountpoint + other than legacy:: + + umount -Rl /mnt + zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/fedora/root + zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/fedora/root + mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/fedora/root /mnt + mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/home /mnt/home + mount -t zfs bpool/fedora/root /mnt/boot - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/redhat - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/redhat/root #. Format and mount ESP:: @@ -131,14 +156,3 @@ System Installation mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi mount -t vfat $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /mnt/boot/efi - -#. Install packages:: - - dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install \ - @core grub2-efi-x64 grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules shim-x64 efibootmgr kernel \ - kernel-devel - - dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install \ - https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm - - dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$(source /etc/os-release ; echo $VERSION_ID) -y install zfs zfs-dracut diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst index 9a6d3a6..8131d9a 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst @@ -6,30 +6,42 @@ System Configuration .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: + #. Generate fstab:: + mkdir -p /mnt/var/log + mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/var/lib /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/fedora/var/log /mnt/var/log mkdir -p /mnt/etc/ - for i in ${DISK}; do - echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \ - umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab - done - echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \ - noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab + genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab + sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab + +#. Install basic system packages:: + + dnf --installroot=/mnt \ + --releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \ + @core grub2-efi-x64 \ + grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules \ + shim-x64 efibootmgr \ + kernel kernel-devel + + dnf --installroot=/mnt \ + --releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \ + https://zfsonlinux.org/fedora/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm + + dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$VERSION_ID \ + -y install zfs zfs-dracut #. Configure dracut:: echo 'add_dracutmodules+=" zfs "' > /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf - -#. Force load mpt3sas module if used:: - - if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then - echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf - fi - -#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: - - rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime - systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force + if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then + echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf + fi + if grep virtio_blk /proc/modules; then + echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf + fi #. Generate host id:: @@ -39,10 +51,6 @@ System Configuration dnf --installroot=/mnt install -y glibc-minimal-langpack glibc-langpack-en -#. Enable ZFS services:: - - systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt - #. By default SSH server is enabled, allowing root login by password, disable SSH server:: @@ -51,23 +59,33 @@ System Configuration #. Chroot:: - m='/dev /proc /sys' - for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done - - history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt - chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login + history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt + arch-chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login #. For SELinux, relabel filesystem on reboot:: fixfiles -F onboot -#. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux:: - - passwd - #. Build ZFS modules:: for directory in /lib/modules/*; do kernel_version=$(basename $directory) dkms autoinstall -k $kernel_version done + + +#. Generate initrd:: + + for directory in /lib/modules/*; do + kernel_version=$(basename $directory) + dracut --force --kver $kernel_version + done + +#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: + + rm -f /etc/localtime + systemd-firstboot --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force + +#. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux:: + + passwd diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst index 9416955..ebb0e27 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/Fedora/Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst @@ -6,27 +6,6 @@ Bootloader .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: - -#. If using virtio disk, add driver to initrd:: - - echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf - -#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd:: - - rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - - for directory in /lib/modules/*; do - kernel_version=$(basename $directory) - dracut --force --kver $kernel_version - done - -#. Load ZFS modules and disable BLS:: - - echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub - #. Apply GRUB workaround:: echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh @@ -35,41 +14,39 @@ Bootloader # GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool" sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux - This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the - update will overwrite the changes. + This ``sed`` workaround needs to be applied for every + GRUB update, as the update will overwrite the + changes. #. Install GRUB:: - export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES + echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub mkdir -p /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ mkdir -p /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ for i in ${DISK}; do grub2-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory \ /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ $i done - cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/ /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/ - -#. Generate GRUB menu:: - - grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg - grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg #. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content:: - ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d) unalias -a + ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d) cp -r /boot/efi/EFI $ESP_MIRROR for i in /boot/efis/*; do cp -r $ESP_MIRROR/EFI $i done rm -rf $ESP_MIRROR -#. Notes for GRUB on RHEL +#. Note: you need to regenerate GRUB menu after kernel + updates, otherwise computer will still boot old + kernel on reboot:: - As bls is disabled, you will need to regenerate GRUB menu after each kernel upgrade. - Or else the new kernel will not be recognized and system will boot the old kernel - on reboot. + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/fedora/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg Finish Installation ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -87,11 +64,6 @@ Finish Installation reboot -#. On first reboot, the boot process will fail, with failure messages such - as "You are in Emergency Mode...Press Ctrl-D to continue". - - Wait for the computer to automatically reboot and the problem will be resolved. - Post installaion ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #. Install package groups:: @@ -100,3 +72,7 @@ Post installaion dnf group install gnome-desktop #. Add new user, configure swap. + +#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed + system for later rollback, + see `this page `__. diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst index 9923f00..60499dd 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/1-preparation.rst @@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ Preparation #. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled. #. Download a variant of `AlmaLinux Minimal Live ISO - `__ and boot from it. + `__ + and boot from it. #. Connect to the Internet. #. Set root password or ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys``. #. Start SSH server:: @@ -24,9 +25,9 @@ Preparation List available disks with:: - ls /dev/disk/by-id/* + find /dev/disk/by-id/ - If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/*``. + If using virtio as disk bus, use ``/dev/disk/by-path/``. Declare disk array:: @@ -38,11 +39,10 @@ Preparation #. Set partition size: - Set swap size. It's `recommended `__ - to setup a swap partition. If you intend to use hibernation, - the minimum should be no less than RAM size. Skip if swap is not needed:: + Set swap size, set to 1 if you don't want swap to + take up too much space:: - INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=8 + INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP=4 Root pool size, use all remaining disk space if not set:: @@ -54,24 +54,21 @@ Preparation SELinux will be enabled on the installed system. -#. Add ZFS repo:: +#. Add ZFS repo and install ZFS inside live system:: dnf install -y https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm - -#. Check available repos:: - - dnf repolist --all - -#. Install ZFS packages:: - + rpm -e --nodeps zfs-fuse || true + source /etc/os-release + export VERSION_ID dnf config-manager --disable zfs dnf config-manager --enable zfs-kmod dnf install -y zfs - -#. Load kernel modules:: - modprobe zfs -#. Install partition tool:: +#. Install partition tool and arch-install-scripts:: - dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools + dnf install -y epel-release + dnf install -y gdisk dosfstools arch-install-scripts + dnf download arch-install-scripts + rpm -i --nodeps arch-install-scripts*.rpm + dnf remove -y epel-release diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst index 8e336ce..1d3a281 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/2-system-installation.rst @@ -10,13 +10,18 @@ System Installation for i in ${DISK}; do + # wipe flash-based storage device to improve + # performance. + # ALL DATA WILL BE LOST + # blkdiscard -f $i + sgdisk --zap-all $i sgdisk -n1:1M:+1G -t1:EF00 $i sgdisk -n2:0:+4G -t2:BE00 $i - test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP || sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i + sgdisk -n4:0:+${INST_PARTSIZE_SWAP}G -t4:8200 $i if test -z $INST_PARTSIZE_RPOOL; then sgdisk -n3:0:0 -t3:BF00 $i @@ -25,6 +30,12 @@ System Installation fi sgdisk -a1 -n5:24K:+1000K -t5:EF02 $i + + sync && udevadm settle && sleep 3 + + cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random $i-part4 ${i##*/}-part4 + mkswap /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 + swapon /dev/mapper/${i##*/}-part4 done #. Create boot pool:: @@ -84,16 +95,14 @@ System Installation If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``. -#. This section implements dataset layout as described in `overview <1-preparation.html>`__. - - Create root system container: +#. Create root system container: - Unencrypted:: zfs create \ -o canmount=off \ -o mountpoint=none \ - rpool/redhat + rpool/alma - Encrypted: @@ -106,20 +115,35 @@ System Installation -o encryption=on \ -o keylocation=prompt \ -o keyformat=passphrase \ - rpool/redhat + rpool/alma - Create system datasets:: + You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``. - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/ rpool/redhat/root - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/home rpool/redhat/home - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=/var rpool/redhat/var - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/lib - zfs create -o canmount=on rpool/redhat/var/log + Create system datasets, let Alma declaratively + manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``:: - Create boot dataset:: + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/root + mount -t zfs rpool/alma/root /mnt/ + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/home + mkdir /mnt/home + mount -t zfs -o zfsutil rpool/alma/home /mnt/home + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var/lib + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/alma/var/log + zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/alma + zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/alma/root + mkdir /mnt/boot + mount -t zfs bpool/alma/root /mnt/boot - zfs create -o canmount=off -o mountpoint=none bpool/redhat - zfs create -o canmount=on -o mountpoint=/boot bpool/redhat/root +#. zfs-dracut requires root dataset to have a mountpoint + other than legacy:: + + umount -Rl /mnt + zfs set canmount=noauto rpool/alma/root + zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/alma/root + mount -t zfs rpool/alma/root /mnt + mount -t zfs rpool/alma/home /mnt/home + mount -t zfs bpool/alma/root /mnt/boot #. Format and mount ESP:: diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst index 443390c..15bf1e6 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/3-system-configuration.rst @@ -8,28 +8,39 @@ System Configuration #. Generate fstab:: + mkdir -p /mnt/var/log + mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/alma/var/lib /mnt/var/lib + mount -t zfs rpool/alma/var/log /mnt/var/log mkdir -p /mnt/etc/ - for i in ${DISK}; do - echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${i}-part1) /boot/efis/${i##*/}-part1 vfat \ - umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab - done - echo $(echo $DISK | cut -f1 -d\ )-part1 /boot/efi vfat \ - noauto,umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /mnt/etc/fstab + genfstab -t PARTUUID /mnt | grep -v swap > /mnt/etc/fstab + sed -i "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" /mnt/etc/fstab + +#. Install basic system packages:: + + dnf --installroot=/mnt \ + --releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \ + @core grub2-efi-x64 \ + grub2-pc-modules grub2-efi-x64-modules \ + shim-x64 efibootmgr \ + kernel + dnf --installroot=/mnt \ + --releasever=$VERSION_ID -y install \ + https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm + dnf config-manager --installroot=/mnt --disable zfs + dnf config-manager --installroot=/mnt --enable zfs-kmod + dnf --installroot=/mnt --releasever=$VERSION_ID \ + -y install zfs zfs-dracut #. Configure dracut:: echo 'add_dracutmodules+=" zfs "' > /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf - -#. Force load mpt3sas module if used:: - - if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then - echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf - fi - -#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: - - rm -f /mnt/etc/localtime - systemd-firstboot --root=/mnt --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force + if grep mpt3sas /proc/modules; then + echo 'forced_drivers+=" mpt3sas "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/zfs.conf + fi + if grep virtio_blk /proc/modules; then + echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /mnt/etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf + fi #. Generate host id:: @@ -39,10 +50,6 @@ System Configuration dnf --installroot=/mnt install -y glibc-minimal-langpack glibc-langpack-en -#. Enable ZFS services:: - - systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service zfs-mount zfs-import.target zfs-zed zfs.target --root=/mnt - #. By default SSH server is enabled, allowing root login by password, disable SSH server:: @@ -51,16 +58,25 @@ System Configuration #. Chroot:: - m='/dev /proc /sys' - for i in $m; do mount --rbind $i /mnt/$i; done - - history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt - chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login + history -w /mnt/home/sys-install-pre-chroot.txt + arch-chroot /mnt /usr/bin/env DISK="$DISK" bash --login #. For SELinux, relabel filesystem on reboot:: fixfiles -F onboot +#. Generate initrd:: + + for directory in /lib/modules/*; do + kernel_version=$(basename $directory) + dracut --force --kver $kernel_version + done + +#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname and root password:: + + rm -f /etc/localtime + systemd-firstboot --prompt --root-password=PASSWORD --force + #. Set root password, the password set earlier does not work due to SELinux:: passwd diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst index 112fdf2..9f87142 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/RHEL-based distro Root on ZFS/5-bootloader.rst @@ -6,27 +6,6 @@ Bootloader .. contents:: Table of Contents :local: - -#. If using virtio disk, add driver to initrd:: - - echo 'filesystems+=" virtio_blk "' >> /etc/dracut.conf.d/fs.conf - -#. Create empty cache file and generate initrd:: - - rm -f /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - touch /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chmod a-w /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - chattr +i /etc/zfs/zpool.cache - - for directory in /lib/modules/*; do - kernel_version=$(basename $directory) - dracut --force --kver $kernel_version - done - -#. Load ZFS modules and disable BLS:: - - echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub - #. Apply GRUB workaround:: echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh @@ -35,41 +14,39 @@ Bootloader # GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool" sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux - This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the - update will overwrite the changes. + This ``sed`` workaround needs to be applied for every + GRUB update, as the update will overwrite the + changes. #. Install GRUB:: - export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES + echo 'GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=false' >> /etc/default/grub mkdir -p /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ mkdir -p /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ for i in ${DISK}; do grub2-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory \ /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ $i done - cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/ /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/ - -#. Generate GRUB menu:: - - grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg - grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg #. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content:: - ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d) unalias -a + ESP_MIRROR=$(mktemp -d) cp -r /boot/efi/EFI $ESP_MIRROR for i in /boot/efis/*; do cp -r $ESP_MIRROR/EFI $i done rm -rf $ESP_MIRROR -#. Notes for GRUB on RHEL +#. Note: you need to regenerate GRUB menu after kernel + updates, otherwise computer will still boot old + kernel on reboot:: - As bls is disabled, you will need to regenerate GRUB menu after each kernel upgrade. - Or else the new kernel will not be recognized and system will boot the old kernel - on reboot. + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg + grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/almalinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub2/grub.cfg Finish Installation ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -87,16 +64,15 @@ Finish Installation reboot -#. On first reboot, the boot process will fail, with failure messages such - as "You are in Emergency Mode...Press Ctrl-D to continue". - - Wait for the computer to automatically reboot and the problem will be resolved. - Post installaion ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #. Install package groups:: dnf group list --hidden -v # query package groups - dnf group install @gnome-desktop + dnf group install gnome-desktop #. Add new user, configure swap. + +#. You can create a snapshot of the newly installed + system for later rollback, + see `this page `__. diff --git a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/index.rst b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/index.rst index a347efa..b95cc87 100644 --- a/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/index.rst +++ b/docs/Getting Started/RHEL-based distro/index.rst @@ -26,19 +26,16 @@ encouraged to verify the authenticity of the ZFS on Linux public key using the fingerprint listed here. | **Location:** /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-zfsonlinux -| **EL6-8 Packages:** `zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm` -| **Archived Repositories:** `el6`, `el7_5`_, `el7_6`_, `el7_7`_, `el7_8`_, `el8_0`_, `el8_1`_, `el8_2`_, `el8_3`_, `el8_4`_, `el8_5`_, `el8_6`_ -| **List of Repositories** `see repo page `__ +| **Archived Repositories:** `see repo page `__ | **Signing key1 (Centos 8 and older, Fedora 36 and older)** - `pgp.mit.edu `__ + `direct link `__ | **Fingerprint:** C93A FFFD 9F3F 7B03 C310 CEB6 A9D5 A1C0 F14A B620 | **Signing key2 (Centos 9+, Fedora 37+)** - `pgp.mit.edu `__ + `direct link `__ | **Fingerprint:** 7DC7 299D CF7C 7FD9 CD87 701B A599 FD5E 9DB8 4141 - For RHEL/CentOS versions 6 and 7 run:: yum install https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-2-2$(rpm --eval "%{dist}").noarch.rpm @@ -161,19 +158,5 @@ Start from "Preparation". .. _kABI-tracking kmod: https://elrepoproject.blogspot.com/2016/02/kabi-tracking-kmod-packages.html .. _DKMS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Kernel_Module_Support -.. _zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release-el-2-1.noarch.rpm -.. _el6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el6.noarch.rpm -.. _el7_5: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_5.noarch.rpm -.. _el7_6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_6.noarch.rpm -.. _el7_7: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_7.noarch.rpm -.. _el7_8: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_8.noarch.rpm -.. _el7_9: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_9.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_0: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_0.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_1: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_1.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_2: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_2.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_3: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_3.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_4: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_4.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_5: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_5.noarch.rpm -.. _el8_6: https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el8_6.noarch.rpm .. _EPEL repository: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL