1fd8de8b18
Use ${DISK}-swap for dm name
Update archlinux live image to May 2021
Other minor improvements
reusable command for mirroring ESP
use glob for initrd keys
apply hostname to live system; use wildcard for network config
separate persistent swap and hibernation
secureboot; temp esp partition
capital letters
Secure Boot needs to be re-enabled
wording: save and reboot
wording, spurious white space
double sharp sign for comment
updates for GRUB tips
reinstall GRUB after entering system
Signed-off-by: Maurice Zhou <ja@apvc.uk>
do not use /dev/sda as example
fix formatting; add notes
update info regarding encryption
use internal links; tweak indentation
other kernel variants
install sudo before editing /etc/sudoers
use colon
use mkinitcpio for initrd generation
only use ~/.local/bin if exist
dependencies for building site
Signed-off-by: Maurice Zhou <ja@apvc.uk>
301 lines
8.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
301 lines
8.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. highlight:: sh
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Arch Linux
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============
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.. contents:: Table of Contents
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:local:
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Support
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-------
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If you need help, reach out to the community using the :ref:`mailing_lists` or IRC at
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`#zfsonlinux <irc://irc.freenode.net/#zfsonlinux>`__ on `freenode
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<https://freenode.net/>`__. If you have a bug report or feature request
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related to this HOWTO, please `file a new issue and mention @ne9z
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<https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs-docs/issues/new?body=@ne9z,%20I%20have%20the%20following%20issue%20with%20the%20Arch%20Linux%20ZFS%20HOWTO:>`__.
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Overview
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--------
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Due to license incompatibility,
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ZFS support is provided by out-of-tree kernel modules.
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ZFS kernel modules can be installed with:
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- ``zfs-linux*``, provides prebuilt ZFS kernel modules
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- ``zfs-dkms``, provides Dynamic Kernel Module Service support
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zfs-linux*
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~~~~~~~~~~
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``zfs-linux*`` packages are the most
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risk-free way to obtain ZFS support.
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Prebuilt modules are kernel-specific, i.e.,
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module built for 5.11.1 is incompatible
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with 5.11.2. For this reason, ``zfs-linux*``
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depends on a particular kernel version.
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Example: if linux-5.11.2 is available, but
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``zfs-linux-5.11.2`` is not available, you can not
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upgrade to linux-5.11.2 until ``zfs-linux-5.11.2``
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came out.
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``zfs-linux*`` is recommended for users who are using stock kernels
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from official Arch Linux repo and can accept kernel update delays for
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up to a few days.
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zfs-dkms
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~~~~~~~~
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``zfs-dkms`` package is the more versatile choice.
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After installation, Dynamic Kernel Module Support
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will automatically build ZFS kernel modules for installed
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kernels and does not interfere with kernel updates.
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However, there are several disadvantages:
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- somewhat slow to build
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- little warning when DKMS build fails
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- does not check kernel compatibility, manual checks required
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``zfs-dkms`` is required for users who are using custom kernels or
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do not accept delays for kernel updates. This package is also required for derivative
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distros such as `Artix Linux <https://artixlinux.org>`__.
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Installation
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------------
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If you want to use ZFS as your root filesystem, see the `Root on ZFS`_
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links below instead.
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archzfs repo
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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ZFS packages are provided by the third-party
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`archzfs repository <https://github.com/archzfs/archzfs>`__.
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You can use it as follows.
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#. Import keys of archzfs repository::
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curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a -
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curl -L https://git.io/JtQpl | xargs -i{} pacman-key --lsign-key {}
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curl -L https://git.io/JtQp4 > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
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#. Add archzfs repository::
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tee -a /etc/pacman.conf <<- 'EOF'
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#[archzfs-testing]
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#Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
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[archzfs]
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Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
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EOF
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#. Update pacman database::
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pacman -Sy
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zfs-linux* package
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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When using unmodified Arch Linux kernels,
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prebuilt ``zfs-linux*`` packages are available.
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You can also switch between ``zfs-linux*`` and ``zfs-dkms``
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packages later.
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For other kernels or Arch-based distros, use zfs-dkms package.
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#. Check kernel variant::
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INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
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#. Check compatible kernel version::
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INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Si zfs-${INST_LINVAR} | grep 'Depends On' | sed "s|.*${INST_LINVAR}=||" | awk '{ print $1 }')
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#. Install kernel. Download from archive if kernel is not available::
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if [ ${INST_LINVER} == \
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$(pacman -Si ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }') ]; then
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pacman -S --noconfirm --needed ${INST_LINVAR}
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else
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pacman -U --noconfirm --needed \
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https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}/${INST_LINVAR}-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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fi
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#. Install zfs-linux*::
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pacman -Sy zfs-${INST_LINVAR}
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#. Ignore kernel updates::
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sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
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sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers zfs-${INST_LINVAR} zfs-utils/" /etc/pacman.conf
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#. To update kernel, run::
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INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
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pacman -Sy --needed --noconfirm ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers zfs-${INST_LINVAR} zfs-utils
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zfs-dkms package
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Check kernel variant::
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INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
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#. Check kernel version::
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INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Qi ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }')
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If you are updating kernel, use the following command::
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INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Syi ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }')
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#. Install kernel headers::
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pacman -U \
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https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}-headers/${INST_LINVAR}-headers-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Install zfs-dkms::
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pacman -Sy zfs-dkms
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If you are updating kernel, use the following command::
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pacman -Sy $INST_LINVAR $INST_LINVAR-headers zfs-dkms
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If pacman output contains the following error message,
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then the kernel needs a `downgrade <#zfs-dkms-compatible-kernel>`__,
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or you can try ``zfs-dkms-git`` package::
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(3/4) Install DKMS modules
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==> dkms install --no-depmod -m zfs -v 2.0.4 -k 5.12.0-rc5-1-git-00030-gd19cc4bfbff1
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configure: error:
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*** None of the expected "capability" interfaces were detected.
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*** This may be because your kernel version is newer than what is
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*** supported, or you are using a patched custom kernel with
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*** incompatible modifications.
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***
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*** ZFS Version: zfs-2.0.4-1
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*** Compatible Kernels: 3.10 - 5.11
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#. Ignore kernel package from updates::
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sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
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sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers/" /etc/pacman.conf
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To update kernel, go throught the above procedure
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again.
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zfs-dkms compatible kernel
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If the installed kernel is not
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compatible with ZFS, a kernel downgrade
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is needed.
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#. Choose kernel variant. Available variants are:
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* linux
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* linux-lts
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* linux-zen
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* linux-hardened
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::
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INST_LINVAR=linux
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#. Install kernels available when the package was built. Check build date::
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DKMS_DATE=$(pacman -Syi zfs-dkms \
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| grep 'Build Date' \
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| sed 's/.*: //' \
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| LC_ALL=C xargs -i{} date -d {} -u +%Y/%m/%d)
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#. Check kernel version::
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INST_LINVER=$(curl https://archive.archlinux.org/repos/${DKMS_DATE}/core/os/x86_64/ \
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| grep \"${INST_LINVAR}-'[0-9]' \
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| grep -v sig \
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| sed "s|.*$INST_LINVAR-||" \
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| sed "s|-x86_64.*||")
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#. Install compatible kernel and headers::
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pacman -U \
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https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}/${INST_LINVAR}-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst \
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https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}-headers/${INST_LINVAR}-headers-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Install zfs-dkms::
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pacman -Sy zfs-dkms
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#. Hold kernel package from updates::
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sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
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sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers/" /etc/pacman.conf
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Kernel must be manually updated, see above.
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Live Image
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----------
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Latest live image might contain a kernel incompatible with
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ZFS. Check the compatibility with the following procedure.
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Alternatively, an unofficial Arch Linux live
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image with ZFS is available at
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`here <https://gitlab.com/m_zhou/archiso>`__.
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Use at your own discretion.
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#. Choose a mirror::
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https://archlinux.org/mirrorlist/all/
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https://gitea.artixlinux.org/packagesA/artix-mirrorlist/src/branch/master/trunk/mirrorlist
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#. Check the build date of the
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latest Arch Linux live image::
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https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/latest/
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https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/artix-linux/iso/
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# archlinux-2021.01.01-x86_64.iso
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#. Check the kernel version of the live image::
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https://archive.archlinux.org/repos/2021/01/01/core/os/x86_64
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https://archive.artixlinux.org/repos/2021/01/01/system/os/x86_64
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# linux-5.10.3.arch1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Check latest zfs-dkms package version::
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https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/
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# zfs-dkms-2.0.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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# zfs-linux-2.0.1_5.10.10.arch1.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
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#. Visit OpenZFS release page::
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curl -L https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/raw/zfs-2.0.1/META \
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| grep Linux
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# Linux-Maximum: 5.10
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# Linux-Minimum: 3.10
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- If compatible, download the latest live image::
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https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-2021.01.01-x86_64.iso
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https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/artix-linux/iso/artix-base-openrc-20210101-x86_64.iso
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- If not compatible, use an older live image and verify that it contains
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a supported kernel using the above method::
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https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/
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https://iso.artixlinux.org/archived-isos.php
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Root on ZFS
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-----------
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 1
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:glob:
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*Root on ZFS
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