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openzfs-docs/docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/index.rst
2021-03-14 12:53:23 -05:00

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.. highlight:: sh
Arch Linux
============
.. contents:: Table of Contents
:local:
Support
-------
If you need help, reach out to the community using the :ref:`mailing_lists` or IRC at
`#zfsonlinux <irc://irc.freenode.net/#zfsonlinux>`__ on `freenode
<https://freenode.net/>`__. If you have a bug report or feature request
related to this HOWTO, please `file a new issue and mention @ne9z
<https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs-docs/issues/new?body=@ne9z,%20I%20have%20the%20following%20issue%20with%20the%20Arch%20Linux%20ZFS%20HOWTO:>`__.
Overview
--------
Due to license incompatibility,
ZFS support is provided by out-of-tree kernel modules.
ZFS kernel modules can be installed with:
- ``zfs-linux*``, provides prebuilt ZFS kernel modules
- ``zfs-dkms``, provides Dynamic Kernel Module Service support
zfs-linux*
~~~~~~~~~~
``zfs-linux*`` packages are the most
risk-free way to obtain ZFS support.
Prebuilt modules are kernel-specific, i.e.,
module built for 5.11.1 is incompatible
with 5.11.2. For this reason, ``zfs-linux*``
depends on a particular kernel version.
Example: if linux-5.11.2 is available, but
``zfs-linux-5.11.2`` is not available, you can not
upgrade to linux-5.11.2 until ``zfs-linux-5.11.2``
came out.
``zfs-linux*`` is recommended for users who are using stock kernels
from official Arch Linux repo and can accept kernel update delays for
up to a few days.
zfs-dkms
~~~~~~~~
``zfs-dkms`` package is the more versatile choice.
After installation, Dynamic Kernel Module Support
will automatically build ZFS kernel modules for installed
kernels and does not interfere with kernel updates.
However, there are several disadvantages:
- somewhat slow to build
- little warning when DKMS build fails
- does not check kernel compatibility, manual checks required
``zfs-dkms`` is required for users who are using custom kernels or
do not accept delays for kernel updates. This package is also required for derivative
distros such as `Artix Linux <https://artixlinux.org>`__.
Installation
------------
If you want to use ZFS as your root filesystem, see the `Root on ZFS`_
links below instead.
archzfs repo
~~~~~~~~~~~~
ZFS packages are provided by the third-party
`archzfs repository <https://github.com/archzfs/archzfs>`__.
You can use it as follows.
#. Import keys of archzfs repository::
curl -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg | pacman-key -a -
curl -L https://git.io/JtQpl | xargs -i{} pacman-key --lsign-key {}
curl -L https://git.io/JtQp4 > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
#. Add archzfs repository::
tee -a /etc/pacman.conf <<- 'EOF'
#[archzfs-testing]
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
[archzfs]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
EOF
#. Update pacman database::
pacman -Sy
zfs-linux* package
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
When using unmodified Arch Linux kernels,
prebuilt ``zfs-linux*`` packages are available.
You can also switch between ``zfs-linux*`` and ``zfs-dkms``
packages later.
For other kernels or Arch-based distros, use zfs-dkms package.
#. Check kernel variant::
INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
#. Check compatible kernel version::
INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Si zfs-${INST_LINVAR} | grep 'Depends On' | sed "s|.*${INST_LINVAR}=||" | awk '{ print $1 }')
#. Install kernel. Download from archive if kernel is not available::
if [ ${INST_LINVER} == \
$(pacman -Si ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }') ]; then
pacman -S --noconfirm --needed ${INST_LINVAR}
else
pacman -U --noconfirm --needed \
https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}/${INST_LINVAR}-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
fi
#. Install zfs-linux*::
pacman -Sy zfs-${INST_LINVAR}
#. Ignore kernel updates::
sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers zfs-${INST_LINVAR} zfs-utils/" /etc/pacman.conf
#. To update kernel, run::
INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
pacman -Sy --needed --noconfirm ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers zfs-${INST_LINVAR} zfs-utils
zfs-dkms package
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#. Check kernel variant::
INST_LINVAR=$(sed 's|.*linux|linux|' /proc/cmdline | sed 's|.img||g' | awk '{ print $1 }')
#. Check kernel version::
INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Qi ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }')
If you are updating kernel, use the following command::
INST_LINVER=$(pacman -Syi ${INST_LINVAR} | grep Version | awk '{ print $3 }')
#. Check zfs-dkms package version::
DKMS_VER=$(pacman -Syi zfs-dkms | grep 'Version' | awk '{ print $3 }' | sed 's|-.*||')
#. Visit OpenZFS release page ::
curl -L https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/raw/zfs-${DKMS_VER}/META \
| grep Linux
# Linux-Maximum: 5.10
# Linux-Minimum: 3.10
# compare with the output of the following command
echo ${INST_LINVER%%-*}
# 5.10.17 # supported
If it's not supported, skip to **Install zfs-dkms compatible kernel**.
Otherwise, continue to next step.
#. Install kernel headers::
pacman -U \
https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}-headers/${INST_LINVAR}-headers-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
#. Install zfs-dkms::
pacman -Sy zfs-dkms
If you are updating kernel, use the following command::
pacman -Sy $INST_LINVAR $INST_LINVAR-headers zfs-dkms
#. Ignore kernel package from updates::
sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers/" /etc/pacman.conf
To update kernel, go throught the above procedure
again.
#. Install zfs-dkms compatible kernel
If the currently installed kernel is not
compatible with ZFS, a kernel downgrade
is needed.
#. Choose kernel variant. Available variants are:
* linux
* linux-lts
::
INST_LINVAR=linux
#. Install kernels available when the package was built. Check build date::
DKMS_DATE=$(pacman -Syi zfs-dkms \
| grep 'Build Date' \
| sed 's/.*: //' \
| LC_ALL=C xargs -i{} date -d {} -u +%Y/%m/%d)
#. Check kernel version::
INST_LINVER=$(curl https://archive.archlinux.org/repos/${DKMS_DATE}/core/os/x86_64/ \
| grep \"${INST_LINVAR}-'[0-9]' \
| grep -v sig \
| sed "s|.*$INST_LINVAR-||" \
| sed "s|-x86_64.*||")
#. Install compatible kernel and headers::
pacman -U \
https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}/${INST_LINVAR}-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst \
https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/l/${INST_LINVAR}-headers/${INST_LINVAR}-headers-${INST_LINVER}-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
#. Install zfs-dkms::
pacman -Sy zfs-dkms
#. Hold kernel package from updates::
sed -i 's/#IgnorePkg/IgnorePkg/' /etc/pacman.conf
sed -i "/^IgnorePkg/ s/$/ ${INST_LINVAR} ${INST_LINVAR}-headers/" /etc/pacman.conf
Kernel must be manually updated, see above.
Live Image
----------
Latest live image might contain a kernel incompatible with
ZFS. Check the compatibility with the following procedure.
Alternatively, an unofficial Arch Linux live
image with ZFS is available at
`here <https://gitlab.com/m_zhou/archiso>`__.
Use at your own discretion.
#. Choose a mirror::
https://archlinux.org/mirrorlist/all/
https://gitea.artixlinux.org/packagesA/artix-mirrorlist/src/branch/master/trunk/mirrorlist
#. Check the build date of the
latest Arch Linux live image::
https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/latest/
https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/artix-linux/iso/
# archlinux-2021.01.01-x86_64.iso
#. Check the kernel version of the live image::
https://archive.archlinux.org/repos/2021/01/01/core/os/x86_64
https://archive.artixlinux.org/repos/2021/01/01/system/os/x86_64
# linux-5.10.3.arch1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
#. Check latest zfs-dkms package version::
https://archzfs.com/archzfs/x86_64/
# zfs-dkms-2.0.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
# zfs-linux-2.0.1_5.10.10.arch1.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
#. Visit OpenZFS release page::
curl -L https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/raw/zfs-2.0.1/META \
| grep Linux
# Linux-Maximum: 5.10
# Linux-Minimum: 3.10
- If compatible, download the latest live image::
https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-2021.01.01-x86_64.iso
https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/artix-linux/iso/artix-base-openrc-20210101-x86_64.iso
- If not compatible, use an older live image and verify that it contains
a supported kernel using the above method::
https://mirrors.dotsrc.org/archlinux/iso/
https://iso.artixlinux.org/archived-isos.php
Root on ZFS
-----------
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
:glob:
*Root on ZFS