Alpine, Arch Linux, Fedora, RHEL, NixOS Root on ZFS guide: add CI/CD tests
Remove unmaintained Arch Linux guides. Signed-off-by: Maurice Zhou <yuchen@apvc.uk>
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Maurice Zhou
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George Melikov
George Melikov
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docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS.rst
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docs/Getting Started/Arch Linux/Root on ZFS.rst
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.. highlight:: sh
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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::
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# For the CI/CD test run of this guide,
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# Enable verbose logging of bash shell and fail immediately when
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# a commmand fails.
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set -vxeuf
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distro=${1}
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cp /etc/resolv.conf ./"rootfs-${distro}"/etc/resolv.conf
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arch-chroot ./"rootfs-${distro}" sh <<-'ZFS_ROOT_GUIDE_TEST'
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set -vxeuf
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# install alpine setup scripts
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apk update
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apk add alpine-conf curl
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.. In this document, there are three types of code-block markups:
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``::`` are commands intended for both the vm test and the users
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``.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test`` are commands intended only for vm test
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``.. code-block:: sh`` are commands intended only for users
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Arch Linux Root on ZFS
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=======================================
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**Customization**
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Unless stated otherwise, it is not recommended to customize system
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configuration before reboot.
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Preparation
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---------------------------
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#. Disable Secure Boot. ZFS modules can not be loaded if Secure Boot is enabled.
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#. Because the kernel of latest Live CD might be incompatible with
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ZFS, we will use Alpine Linux Extended, which ships with ZFS by
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default.
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Download latest extended variant of `Alpine Linux
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live image
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<https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-extended-3.17.3-x86_64.iso>`__,
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verify `checksum <https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-extended-3.17.3-x86_64.iso.asc>`__
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and boot from it.
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.. code-block:: sh
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gpg --auto-key-retrieve --keyserver hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com --verify alpine-extended-*.asc
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dd if=input-file of=output-file bs=1M
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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# check whether the download page exists
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# alpine version must be in sync with ci/cd test chroot tarball
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#. Login as root user. There is no password.
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#. Configure Internet
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.. code-block:: sh
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setup-interfaces -r
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# You must use "-r" option to start networking services properly
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# example:
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network interface: wlan0
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WiFi name: <ssid>
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ip address: dhcp
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<enter done to finish network config>
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manual netconfig: n
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#. If you are using wireless network and it is not shown, see `Alpine
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Linux wiki
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<https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Wi-Fi#wpa_supplicant>`__ for
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further details. ``wpa_supplicant`` can be installed with ``apk
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add wpa_supplicant`` without internet connection.
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#. Configure SSH server
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.. code-block:: sh
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setup-sshd
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# example:
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ssh server: openssh
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allow root: "prohibit-password" or "yes"
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ssh key: "none" or "<public key>"
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#. Set root password or ``/root/.ssh/authorized_keys``.
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#. Connect from another computer
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.. code-block:: sh
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ssh root@192.168.1.91
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#. Configure NTP client for time synchronization
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.. code-block:: sh
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setup-ntp busybox
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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# this step is unnecessary for chroot and returns 1 when executed
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#. Set up apk-repo. A list of available mirrors is shown.
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Press space bar to continue
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.. code-block:: sh
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setup-apkrepos
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#. Throughout this guide, we use predictable disk names generated by
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udev
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.. code-block:: sh
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apk update
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apk add eudev
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setup-devd udev
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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# for some reason, udev is extremely slow in chroot
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# it is not needed for chroot anyway. so, skip this step
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#. Target disk
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List available disks with
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.. code-block:: sh
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find /dev/disk/by-id/
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If virtio is used as disk bus, power off the VM and set serial numbers for disk.
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For QEMU, use ``-drive format=raw,file=disk2.img,serial=AaBb``.
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For libvirt, edit domain XML. See `this page
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<https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1245013>`__ for examples.
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Declare disk array
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.. code-block:: sh
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DISK='/dev/disk/by-id/ata-FOO /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-BAR'
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For single disk installation, use
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.. code-block:: sh
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DISK='/dev/disk/by-id/disk1'
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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# for github test run, use chroot and loop devices
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DISK="$(losetup -a| grep archlinux | cut -f1 -d: | xargs -t -I '{}' printf '{} ')"
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#. Set a mount point
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::
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MNT=$(mktemp -d)
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#. Set partition size:
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Set swap size in GB, set to 1 if you don't want swap to
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take up too much space
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.. code-block:: sh
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SWAPSIZE=4
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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# For the test run, use 1GB swap space to avoid hitting CI/CD
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# quota
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SWAPSIZE=1
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Set how much space should be left at the end of the disk, minimum 1GB
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::
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RESERVE=1
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#. Install ZFS support from live media::
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apk add zfs
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#. Install partition tool
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::
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apk add parted e2fsprogs cryptsetup util-linux
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System Installation
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---------------------------
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#. Partition the disks.
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Note: you must clear all existing partition tables and data structures from the disks,
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especially those with existing ZFS pools or mdraid and those that have been used as live media.
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Those data structures may interfere with boot process.
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For flash-based storage, this can be done by uncommenting the blkdiscard command below:
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::
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partition_disk () {
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local disk="${1}"
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#blkdiscard -f "${disk}"
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parted --script --align=optimal "${disk}" -- \
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mklabel gpt \
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mkpart EFI 2MiB 1GiB \
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mkpart bpool 1GiB 5GiB \
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mkpart rpool 5GiB -$((SWAPSIZE + RESERVE))GiB \
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mkpart swap -$((SWAPSIZE + RESERVE))GiB -"${RESERVE}"GiB \
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mkpart BIOS 1MiB 2MiB \
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set 1 esp on \
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set 5 bios_grub on \
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set 5 legacy_boot on
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partprobe "${disk}"
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}
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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partition_disk "${i}"
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done
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.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
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::
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# When working with GitHub chroot runners, we are using loop
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# devices as installation target. However, the alias support for
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# loop device was just introduced in March 2023. See
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# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/26693
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# For now, we will create the aliases maunally as a workaround
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looppart="1 2 3 4 5"
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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for j in ${looppart}; do
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if test -e "${i}p${j}"; then
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ln -s "${i}p${j}" "${i}-part${j}"
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fi
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done
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done
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#. Setup encrypted swap. This is useful if the available memory is
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small::
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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cryptsetup open --type plain --key-file /dev/random "${i}"-part4 "${i##*/}"-part4
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mkswap /dev/mapper/"${i##*/}"-part4
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swapon /dev/mapper/"${i##*/}"-part4
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done
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#. Load ZFS kernel module
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.. code-block:: sh
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modprobe zfs
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#. Create boot pool
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::
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# shellcheck disable=SC2046
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zpool create -d \
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-o feature@async_destroy=enabled \
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-o feature@bookmarks=enabled \
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-o feature@embedded_data=enabled \
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-o feature@empty_bpobj=enabled \
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-o feature@enabled_txg=enabled \
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-o feature@extensible_dataset=enabled \
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-o feature@filesystem_limits=enabled \
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-o feature@hole_birth=enabled \
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-o feature@large_blocks=enabled \
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-o feature@lz4_compress=enabled \
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-o feature@spacemap_histogram=enabled \
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-o ashift=12 \
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-o autotrim=on \
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-O acltype=posixacl \
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-O canmount=off \
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-O compression=lz4 \
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-O devices=off \
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-O normalization=formD \
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-O relatime=on \
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-O xattr=sa \
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-O mountpoint=/boot \
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-R "${MNT}" \
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bpool \
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mirror \
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$(for i in ${DISK}; do
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printf '%s ' "${i}-part2";
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done)
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If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
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You should not need to customize any of the options for the boot pool.
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GRUB does not support all of the zpool features. See ``spa_feature_names``
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in `grub-core/fs/zfs/zfs.c
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<http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/tree/grub-core/fs/zfs/zfs.c#n276>`__.
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This step creates a separate boot pool for ``/boot`` with the features
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limited to only those that GRUB supports, allowing the root pool to use
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any/all features.
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#. Create root pool
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::
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# shellcheck disable=SC2046
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zpool create \
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-o ashift=12 \
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-o autotrim=on \
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-R "${MNT}" \
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-O acltype=posixacl \
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-O canmount=off \
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-O compression=zstd \
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-O dnodesize=auto \
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-O normalization=formD \
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-O relatime=on \
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-O xattr=sa \
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-O mountpoint=/ \
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rpool \
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mirror \
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$(for i in ${DISK}; do
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printf '%s ' "${i}-part3";
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done)
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If not using a multi-disk setup, remove ``mirror``.
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#. Create root system container:
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- Unencrypted
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::
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zfs create \
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-o canmount=off \
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-o mountpoint=none \
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rpool/archlinux
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- Encrypted:
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Pick a strong password. Once compromised, changing password will not keep your
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data safe. See ``zfs-change-key(8)`` for more info
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.. code-block:: sh
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zfs create \
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-o canmount=off \
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-o mountpoint=none \
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-o encryption=on \
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-o keylocation=prompt \
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-o keyformat=passphrase \
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rpool/archlinux
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You can automate this step (insecure) with: ``echo POOLPASS | zfs create ...``.
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Create system datasets,
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manage mountpoints with ``mountpoint=legacy``
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::
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zfs create -o canmount=noauto -o mountpoint=/ rpool/archlinux/root
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zfs mount rpool/archlinux/root
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/home
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mkdir "${MNT}"/home
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/home "${MNT}"/home
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/lib
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy rpool/archlinux/var/log
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zfs create -o mountpoint=none bpool/archlinux
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zfs create -o mountpoint=legacy bpool/archlinux/root
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mkdir "${MNT}"/boot
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mount -t zfs bpool/archlinux/root "${MNT}"/boot
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mkdir -p "${MNT}"/var/log
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mkdir -p "${MNT}"/var/lib
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/lib "${MNT}"/var/lib
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mount -t zfs rpool/archlinux/var/log "${MNT}"/var/log
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#. Format and mount ESP
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::
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for i in ${DISK}; do
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mkfs.vfat -n EFI "${i}"-part1
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mkdir -p "${MNT}"/boot/efis/"${i##*/}"-part1
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mount -t vfat -o iocharset=iso8859-1 "${i}"-part1 "${MNT}"/boot/efis/"${i##*/}"-part1
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done
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mkdir -p "${MNT}"/boot/efi
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mount -t vfat -o iocharset=iso8859-1 "$(echo "${DISK}" | sed "s|^ *||" | cut -f1 -d' '|| true)"-part1 "${MNT}"/boot/efi
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System Configuration
|
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---------------------------
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#. Download and extract minimal Arch Linux root filesystem::
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apk add curl
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curl --fail-early --fail -L \
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https://america.archive.pkgbuild.com/iso/2023.04.01/archlinux-bootstrap-x86_64.tar.gz \
|
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-o rootfs.tar.gz
|
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curl --fail-early --fail -L \
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https://america.archive.pkgbuild.com/iso/2023.04.01/archlinux-bootstrap-x86_64.tar.gz.sig \
|
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-o rootfs.tar.gz.sig
|
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|
||||
apk add gnupg
|
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gpg --auto-key-retrieve --keyserver hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com --verify rootfs.tar.gz.sig
|
||||
|
||||
ln -s "${MNT}" "${MNT}"/root.x86_64
|
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tar x -C "${MNT}" -af rootfs.tar.gz root.x86_64
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable community repo
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
sed -i '/edge/d' /etc/apk/repositories
|
||||
sed -i -E 's/#(.*)community/\1community/' /etc/apk/repositories
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate fstab::
|
||||
|
||||
apk add arch-install-scripts
|
||||
genfstab -t PARTUUID "${MNT}" \
|
||||
| grep -v swap \
|
||||
| sed "s|vfat.*rw|vfat rw,x-systemd.idle-timeout=1min,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail|" \
|
||||
> "${MNT}"/etc/fstab
|
||||
|
||||
#. Chroot
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
cp /etc/resolv.conf "${MNT}"/etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
for i in /dev /proc /sys; do mkdir -p "${MNT}"/"${i}"; mount --rbind "${i}" "${MNT}"/"${i}"; done
|
||||
chroot "${MNT}" /usr/bin/env DISK="${DISK}" bash
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
cp /etc/resolv.conf "${MNT}"/etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
for i in /dev /proc /sys; do mkdir -p "${MNT}"/"${i}"; mount --rbind "${i}" "${MNT}"/"${i}"; done
|
||||
chroot "${MNT}" /usr/bin/env DISK="${DISK}" bash <<-'ZFS_ROOT_NESTED_CHROOT'
|
||||
|
||||
set -vxeuf
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add archzfs repo to pacman config
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
pacman-key --init
|
||||
pacman-key --refresh-keys
|
||||
pacman-key --populate
|
||||
|
||||
curl --fail-early --fail -L https://archzfs.com/archzfs.gpg \
|
||||
| pacman-key -a - --gpgdir /etc/pacman.d/gnupg
|
||||
|
||||
pacman-key \
|
||||
--lsign-key \
|
||||
--gpgdir /etc/pacman.d/gnupg \
|
||||
DDF7DB817396A49B2A2723F7403BD972F75D9D76
|
||||
|
||||
tee -a /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs <<- 'EOF'
|
||||
## See https://github.com/archzfs/archzfs/wiki
|
||||
## France
|
||||
#,Server = https://archzfs.com/$repo/$arch
|
||||
|
||||
## Germany
|
||||
#,Server = https://mirror.sum7.eu/archlinux/archzfs/$repo/$arch
|
||||
#,Server = https://mirror.biocrafting.net/archlinux/archzfs/$repo/$arch
|
||||
|
||||
## India
|
||||
#,Server = https://mirror.in.themindsmaze.com/archzfs/$repo/$arch
|
||||
|
||||
## United States
|
||||
#,Server = https://zxcvfdsa.com/archzfs/$repo/$arch
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
|
||||
tee -a /etc/pacman.conf <<- 'EOF'
|
||||
|
||||
#[archzfs-testing]
|
||||
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
|
||||
|
||||
#,[archzfs]
|
||||
#,Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
|
||||
# this #, prefix is a workaround for ci/cd tests
|
||||
# remove them
|
||||
sed -i 's|#,||' /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist-archzfs
|
||||
sed -i 's|#,||' /etc/pacman.conf
|
||||
sed -i 's|^#||' /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install base packages::
|
||||
|
||||
pacman -Sy
|
||||
pacman -S --noconfirm mg mandoc grub efibootmgr mkinitcpio
|
||||
|
||||
kernel_compatible_with_zfs="$(pacman -Si zfs-linux \
|
||||
| grep 'Depends On' \
|
||||
| sed "s|.*linux=||" \
|
||||
| awk '{ print $1 }')"
|
||||
pacman -U --noconfirm https://america.archive.pkgbuild.com/packages/l/linux/linux-"${kernel_compatible_with_zfs}"-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install zfs packages::
|
||||
|
||||
pacman -S --noconfirm zfs-linux zfs-utils
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. Configure mkinitcpio::
|
||||
|
||||
sed -i 's|filesystems|zfs filesystems|' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
|
||||
mkinitcpio -P
|
||||
|
||||
#. For physical machine, install firmware
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
pacman -S linux-firmware intel-ucode amd-ucode
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable internet time synchronisation::
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate host id::
|
||||
|
||||
zgenhostid -f -o /etc/hostid
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate locales::
|
||||
|
||||
echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.gen
|
||||
locale-gen
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set locale, keymap, timezone, hostname
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
rm -f /etc/localtime
|
||||
systemd-firstboot \
|
||||
--force \
|
||||
--locale=en_US.UTF-8 \
|
||||
--timezone=Etc/UTC \
|
||||
--hostname=testhost \
|
||||
--keymap=us
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set root passwd
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
printf 'root:yourpassword' | chpasswd
|
||||
|
||||
Bootloader
|
||||
---------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. Apply GRUB workaround
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'export ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=YES' >> /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
|
||||
# shellcheck disable=SC1091
|
||||
. /etc/profile.d/zpool_vdev_name_path.sh
|
||||
|
||||
# GRUB fails to detect rpool name, hard code as "rpool"
|
||||
sed -i "s|rpool=.*|rpool=rpool|" /etc/grub.d/10_linux
|
||||
|
||||
This workaround needs to be applied for every GRUB update, as the
|
||||
update will overwrite the changes.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Install GRUB::
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/ "${i}"
|
||||
done
|
||||
grub-install --target x86_64-efi --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ --efi-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi --bootloader-id archlinux --removable
|
||||
if test -d /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/; then
|
||||
grub-install --target x86_64-efi --boot-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/ --efi-directory \
|
||||
/boot/efi --bootloader-id archlinux
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#. Import both bpool and rpool at boot::
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="zfs_import_dir=/dev/"' >> /etc/default/grub
|
||||
|
||||
#. Generate GRUB menu::
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p /boot/grub
|
||||
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
cp /boot/grub/grub.cfg \
|
||||
/boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/x86_64-efi/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
cp /boot/grub/grub.cfg \
|
||||
/boot/efi/archlinux/grub-bootdir/i386-pc/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
find /boot/efis/ -name "grub.cfg" -print0 \
|
||||
| xargs -t -0I '{}' grub-script-check -v '{}'
|
||||
|
||||
#. For both legacy and EFI booting: mirror ESP content::
|
||||
|
||||
espdir=$(mktemp -d)
|
||||
find /boot/efi/ -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -print0 \
|
||||
| xargs -t -0I '{}' cp -r '{}' "${espdir}"
|
||||
find "${espdir}" -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -print0 \
|
||||
| xargs -t -0I '{}' sh -vxc "find /boot/efis/ -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -print0 | xargs -t -0I '[]' cp -r '{}' '[]'"
|
||||
|
||||
#. Exit chroot
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
exit
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
# nested chroot ends here
|
||||
ZFS_ROOT_NESTED_CHROOT
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
# list contents of boot dir to confirm
|
||||
# that the mirroring succeeded
|
||||
find "${MNT}"/boot/efis/ -type d > list_of_efi_dirs
|
||||
for i in ${DISK}; do
|
||||
if ! grep "${i##*/}-part1/efi\|${i##*/}-part1/EFI" list_of_efi_dirs; then
|
||||
echo "disk ${i} not found in efi system partition, installation error";
|
||||
cat list_of_efi_dirs
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
#. Unmount filesystems and create initial system snapshot
|
||||
You can later create a boot environment from this snapshot.
|
||||
See `Root on ZFS maintenance page <../zfs_root_maintenance.html>`__.
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
umount -Rl "${MNT}"
|
||||
zfs snapshot -r rpool@initial-installation
|
||||
zfs snapshot -r bpool@initial-installation
|
||||
|
||||
#. Export all pools
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
zpool export -a
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
# we are now inside a chroot, where the export will fail
|
||||
# export pools when we are outside chroot
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
reboot
|
||||
|
||||
.. ifconfig:: zfs_root_test
|
||||
|
||||
# chroot ends here
|
||||
ZFS_ROOT_GUIDE_TEST
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user